A film/substrate system has been treated with a submillisecond high-intensity electron beam. Examinations have shown that the electron-beam treatment of the film/substrate system resulted in alloying of the surface layer of the material throughout the melt which was accompanied by the formation of nanodimensional phases.
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Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 9, pp. 70–79, September, 2011.
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Koval, N.N., Ivanov, Y.F., Laskovnev, A.P. et al. Structure and properties of the surface alloy formed by irradiating a film/substrate system with a high-intensity electron beam. Russ Phys J 54, 1024–1033 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11182-012-9705-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11182-012-9705-9