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Translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the Chinese standardized outcomes in nephrology–hemodialysis fatigue (C-SONG–HD fatigue) scale: a study of Chinese patients undergoing hemodialysis

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Abstract

Objective

This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the standardized outcomes in nephrology–hemodialysis fatigue (SONG–HD fatigue) scale and to assess the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the SONG–HD fatigue (C-SONG–HD fatigue) scale.

Methods

Forward and back translations were used to translate the SONG–HD fatigue scale into Chinese. We used the C-SONG–HD fatigue scale to survey Chinese patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) in China. We examined the distribution of responses and floor and ceiling effects. Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega coefficient, intraclass coefficients, and Spearman correlations were used to assess internal consistency reliability, test–retest reliability, and convergent validity, respectively. Responsiveness was also evaluated.

Results

In total, 489 participants across southeast China, northwest China, and central China completed the study. The C-SONG–HD fatigue scale had good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha coefficient 0.861, omega coefficient 0.916), test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.695), and convergent validity (Spearman correlation 0.691). The analysis of all first-time HD patients did not show notable responsiveness, and only patients with temporary vascular access had good responsiveness with an effect size (ES) of 0.54, a standardized response mean (SRM) of 0.85, and a standard error of measurement (SEM) of 0.77.

Conclusion

The Chinese version of the SONG–HD fatigue scale showed satisfactory reliability and validity in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) in China. It could be used as a tool to measure the fatigue of Chinese HD patients.

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Data availability

The data underlying this article are available in the article and in its online supplementary material.

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Acknowledgements

We are greatly indebted to Angela Ju from the Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, the University of Sydney in Australia for her valuable guidance and great support in the process of translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the Chinese version of the SONG–HD fatigue. The authors acknowledge all the translators’ support during the translation and cross-cultural adaption process. The authors express their appreciation to all respondents taking part in the present study and some friends for offering support in data collection.

Funding

This work was sponsored by the Fund of the Fujian Science and Technology Department (2021J01363).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Lan-ting Huang and Xiao-yan Zheng have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nephrology, Fujian Provincial Hospital and Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

    Lan-ting Huang & Fu-yuan Hong

  2. Department of Blood Purification, Fujian Provincial Hospital and Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

    Xiao-yan Zheng & Zhi-hong Zhang

  3. Department of Blood Purification, Renhe Hospital of Hubei Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China

    Hong-yan Zheng

  4. Department of Blood Purification, Xinjiang Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changji, Xinjiang, China

    Xin Wei

  5. Department of Blood Purification, Pengyang People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Pengyang, Ningxia, China

    Ji-yan Yang

  6. Department of Blood Purification, Fuzhou First Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

    Li-hua Zhang

  7. Department of Blood Purification, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

    Xiu-qin Lu

  8. Department of Blood Purification, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China

    Ying-qing Yang

  9. Department of Blood Purification, Quanzhou First Hospital, Quanzhou, Fujian, China

    Jin-xia Lin

  10. Department of Blood Purification, Wuyishan Municipal Hospital, Wuyishan, Fujian, China

    Chun-mei Zhang

  11. Department of Blood Purification, Nanping People’s Hospital, Nanping, Fujian, China

    Li-ping Luo

  12. Department of Blood Purification, Sanming Second Hospital, Sanming, Fujian, China

    Dong-hua Jiang

  13. Department of Blood Purification, Sanming First Hospital, Sanming, Fujian, China

    Shao-hua Huang

  14. Department of Blood Purification, Zhangzhou Hospital, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China

    Xiu-bi Huang

  15. Department of Blood Purification, Longyan First Hospital, Longyan, Fujian, China

    Yue-mei Zhan

  16. Department of Blood Purification, Ningde Mindong Hospital, Mindong, Fujian, China

    Wen-zhu Xu

  17. Department of Blood Purification, Xiamen Zhongshan Hospital, Xiameng, Fujian, China

    Wei Han

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  1. Lan-ting Huang
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Correspondence to Lan-ting Huang or Fu-yuan Hong.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants followed the institutional and/or national research committee at which the studies were conducted (IRB approval number K2021-09-046) with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments comparable ethical standards.

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Huang, Lt., Zheng, Xy., Zhang, Zh. et al. Translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the Chinese standardized outcomes in nephrology–hemodialysis fatigue (C-SONG–HD fatigue) scale: a study of Chinese patients undergoing hemodialysis. Qual Life Res 33, 745–752 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-023-03561-4

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