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Response differences of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities in the roots of an aquatic and a semiaquatic species to various flooding regimes

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Abstract

Background and aims

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are ubiquitous in wetland habitats, but their diversity and distribution pattern in these habitats is poorly understood. Under varying hydrological conditions, AMF communities in roots of different wetland species may respond differently due to hydrological and to physiological differences among plants. Here we test this hypothesis.

Methods

AMF colonization intensity and community structure in the roots of two wetland plants with different flood tolerance (one aquatic and one semiaquatic) were characterized along a hydrologic gradient. A fragment covering partial SSU, the whole ITS and partial LSU rDNA region of AMF was amplified, cloned and sequenced from the roots of each host species.

Results

A total of 528 AMF sequences were obtained and sorted into 15 taxa based on phylogenetic analyses. A total of nine and 13 taxa, respectively, were found from the aquatic and semiaquatic host species; the AMF compositions of both sets of taxa were very similar. Intensive flooding inhibited the AMF colonization and diversity level in both cases, while moderate flooding caused distinctly different effects between the two wetland species.

Conclusions

AMF diversity level in wetland habitat is not necessarily low, even if few morphological structures of AMF are detected in the roots. The effects of hydrologic conditions on AMF communities in wetlands depend on both the flooding intensity and the adaptations of the wetland hosts.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Dr. Nicholas Rosenstock (Lund University), Prof. Søren Rosendahl (University of Copenhagen) and two anonymous reviewers for constructive suggestions and to Prof. Helen Ghiradella (The University at Albany) for language correction on the manuscript. This research was financially supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China (31400365, 31070242), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2014A030310162), the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (20134407120005, 20114407110006), the Guangdong Province Universities and Colleges Pearl River Scholar Funded Scheme (2012), the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou (2014J4100053) and the Graduate Student Research Innovation Project of South China Normal University (2015lkxm22).

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring AND Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China

      Yutao Wang, Yingwei Li, Xiaozhe Bao, Lars Olof Björn & Shaoshan Li

    2. Department of Microbial Ecology, Lund University, Ecology Building, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden

      Lars Olof Björn & Pål Axel Olsson

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    1. Yutao Wang
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    Correspondence to Yutao Wang or Shaoshan Li.

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    Responsible Editor: Tatsuhiro Ezawa.

    Yingwei Li and Xiaozhe Bao are joint first authors.

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    Wang, Y., Li, Y., Bao, X. et al. Response differences of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities in the roots of an aquatic and a semiaquatic species to various flooding regimes. Plant Soil 403, 361–373 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-2811-7

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