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Synergistic interactions between Bradyrhizobium japonicum and the endophyte Stenotrophomonas rhizophila and their effects on growth, and nodulation of soybean under salt stress

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Abstract

Background and aims

Understanding the interactions between endophytic bacteria, rhizobia, free living root associated bacteria and their host plants under stressed conditions remains a significant challenge for proposing strategies to improve the efficacy of PGPR. In this study we analyzed the role of the endophytic bacterium Stenotrophomonas rhizophila in alleviating salinity stress in plants. The nodulation efficiency, plant growth, nitrogen and phosphorus uptake of soybean under hydroponic salt stress conditions were determined.

Methods

Soybean seedlings were inoculated with Bradyrhizobium japonicum BDYD1 and S. rhizophila ep-17 were grown in hydroponic plastic pots containing 2 l of Hoagland solution for 42 days. Salinity conditions were established by adding 50 and 75 mM NaCl to the nutrient solution.

Results

The results showed that the salinity decreased the colonization of B. japonicum BDYD1 in the rhizosphere of soybean, inhibited shoot, root growth, and nodulation compared with those of unstressed plants. We found synergistic interactions between compatible salt tolerant S. rhizophila ep-17 and B. japonicum BDYD1 strains which were manifested themselves as improved root, shoot length, dry weight, N and P uptake and number of nodules compared with the uninoculated plants grown under 75 mM NaCl condition.

Conclusions

S. rhizophila and Bradyrhizobium build beneficial association in the rhizosphere and can act synergistically on promoting plant growth, nutrient uptake and fitness of hydroponically grown soybean under salt stress condition.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the UNESCO/CHINA Fellowship for DJ and Alexander von Humboldt Fellowship for DE. We thank Prof. Hong Liao for providing us necessary research facilities at Root Biology Centre, South China Agricultural University, and Muhammad Adam for technical assistance in the greenhouse.

Author contribution

DE and GB did experimental design work, DJ conducted experiments. DE analyzed the data. DE and GB wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Müncheberg, 15374, Germany

    Dilfuza Egamberdieva & Dilfuza Jabborova

  2. Laboratory of Plant Nutritional Genetics and Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China

    Dilfuza Jabborova

  3. Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, 8010, Austria

    Gabriele Berg

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  1. Dilfuza Egamberdieva
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Correspondence to Dilfuza Egamberdieva.

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Egamberdieva, D., Jabborova, D. & Berg, G. Synergistic interactions between Bradyrhizobium japonicum and the endophyte Stenotrophomonas rhizophila and their effects on growth, and nodulation of soybean under salt stress. Plant Soil 405, 35–45 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-015-2661-8

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