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Potassium nutrition of crops under varied regimes of nitrogen supply

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Abstract

Nitrogen (N) over-application is a serious problem in intensive agricultural production areas with consequent large N losses and environmental pollution. In contrast to N, potassium (K) application has been neglected in many developing countries and this has resulted in soil K depletion in agricultural ecosystems and prevented increases in crop yields. Nitrogen-potassium interaction is currently a topic of interest in many studies and the focus of this review is K nutrition under varied N regimes. Nitrogen form and application rate and time influence soil K fixation and release, as well as K uptake, transport, cycling and reutilization within crops. High yielding quality crops can be obtained by optimal N: K nutritional ratios. High rates of applications of N and K do not necessarily lead to increased yield increments and may even reduce yield. Yield response to K uptake depends on N nutritional status and the interaction is usually positive when NO3 −-N is supplied. Antagonism between NH +4 and K+ in uptake was mostly attributed to simple competitive effects in the past while evidence showing mixed-noncompetitive interactions existed. Two components of membrane transport systems for K uptake by plants are a high-affinity K+ transport system which is inhibited by NH +4 and a low-affinity K+ transport system which is relatively NH +4 insensitive. Potassium is highly mobile within plants but its flow and partitioning can change depending on the forms of N supply. NH +4 nutrition in comparison to NO −3 -supply results in more K translocation to leaves. A better understanding of the mechanism of N-K interaction can be a useful guide to best nutrient management in agricultural practice in order to achieve high yields with high nutrient use efficiency.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the International Potash Institute (IPI), the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture (No. 2006-G60 and No. 200803030) and the Innovative Group Grant from NSFC (30821003) for financial support. We will give special thanks to Prof. P. Christie in Queen’s University Belfast, UK for his linguistic revisions.

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  1. Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China

    Fusuo Zhang, Weifeng Zhang, Xinping Chen, Chunjian Li & Lixing Yuan

  2. Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China

    Junfang Niu

  3. Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China

    Jianchang Xie

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  1. Fusuo Zhang
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Correspondence to Fusuo Zhang.

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Zhang, F., Niu, J., Zhang, W. et al. Potassium nutrition of crops under varied regimes of nitrogen supply. Plant Soil 335, 21–34 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0323-4

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