Abstract
We have developed an analytic approach to investigate the effect of group delay ripple of the dispersive devices on the performance of two major building blocks of microwave-photonic filters. Firstly, performance of PM-based block in the presence of an arbitrary group delay ripple (GDR) is analyzed and compared with the ripple-free case to reveal the destructive effects of added group delay ripple. In the next step, we repeat the proposed approach for the AM-based one; again, the performance is compared with the ripple-free case. Two distortion metrics are also introduced to quantify this distortion. Comparison of the performance of two building blocks in the presence of group delay ripple unveils some interesting characteristics of microwave-photonic filters which have not been mentioned so far. We also add a general survey of two analyzed building blocks to present their respective most significant advantages and shortcomings. The simulated Optisystem results conform to our proposed analytical approach and verify the theoretical model.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bolea M., Mora J. et al.: Highly chirped single-bandpass microwave photonic filter with reconfiguration capabilities. Opt. Express 19(5), 4566–4576 (2011)
Brennan J.: Dispersion Management with Long-Length Fiber Bragg Gratings. IEEE Press, New York (2004)
Capmany J., Novak D.: Microwave photonics combines two worlds. Nat. Photonics 1(6), 319–330 (2007)
Capmany J., Ortega B. et al.: Discrete-time optical processing of microwave signals. J. Light. Technol. 23(2), 702–723 (2005)
Chan E.H.W., Minasian R.A.: Multiple-tap, tunable microwave photonic interference mitigation filter. J. Light. Technol. 29(8), 1069–1076 (2011)
Eggleton B.J., Ahuja A. et al.: Integrated tunable fiber gratings for dispersion management in high-bit rate systems. J. Light. Technol. 18(10), 1418–1432 (2002)
Erdogan T.: Fiber grating spectra. J. Light. Technol. 15(8), 1277–1294 (2002)
Inui T., Komukai T. et al.: Adaptive dispersion slope equalizer using a nonlinearly chirped fiber Bragg grating pair with a novel dispersion detection technique. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 14(4), 549–551 (2002)
Jackson K.P., Moslehi B. et al.: Optical fiber delay-line signal processing. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 33, 193–210 (1985)
Kashyap R.: Fiber Bragg Gratings. Academic Press, London (1999)
Komukai T., Inui T. et al.: The design of dispersion equalizers using chirped fiber Bragg gratings. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 36(4), 409–417 (2002)
Minasian R.A.: Photonic signal processing of microwave signals. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 54(2), 832–846 (2006)
Mora J., Ortega B. et al.: Automatic tunable and reconfigurable fiberoptic microwave filters based on a broadband optical source sliced by uniform fiber Bragg gratings. Opt. Express 10(22), 1291–1298 (2002)
Moslehi B., Goodman J.W. et al.: Fiber-optic lattice signal processing. Proc. IEEE 72(7), 909–930 (2005)
Pastor D., Capmany J. et al.: Broad-band tunable microwave transversal notch filter based on tunable uniform fiber Bragg gratings as slicing filters. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 13(7), 726–728 (2002)
Pastor D., Ortega B. et al.: Flexible and tunable microwave filters based on arrayed waveguide gratings. J. Light. Technol. 11(2), 177–184 (2003)
Sumetsky M., Eggleton B. et al.: Theory of group delay ripple generated by chirped fiber gratings. Opt. Express 10(7), 332–340 (2002)
Thai P.Q., Alphones A. et al.: Limitations by group delay ripple on optical beam-forming with chirped fiber grating. J. Light. Technol. 27(24), 5619–5625 (2009)
Ulmer T.G.: Distortion in angle-modulated links induced by ripple in fiber-Bragg-grating reflectance and delay characteristics. J. Light. Technol. 21(12), 3226–3236 (2004)
Yao J.: Microwave photonics. J. Light. Technol. 27(3), 314–335 (2009)
Yao J., Zeng F. et al.: Photonic generation of ultrawideband signals. J. Light. Technol. 25(11), 3219–3235 (2007)
Yi X., Minasian R.A.: Novel multitap, flat-top microwave photonic filter based on sinusoidal group delay gratings. J. Light. Technol. 26(15), 2578–2583 (2008)
Zeng F., Yao J.: All-optical bandpass microwave filter based on an electro-optic phase modulator. Opt. Express 12(16), 3814–3819 (2004)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mokhtari, A., Akbari, M. Two building blocks of microwave photonics filters in the presence of group delay ripple: a comparative survey. Opt Quant Electron 44, 403–414 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-012-9555-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-012-9555-2