Abstract
A simple ultrasound assisted precipitation method with addition of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) is proposed to prepare stable hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanoparticles suspension from the mixture of Ca(H2PO4)2 solution and Ca(OH)2 solution. The product was characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TEM, HRTEM and particle size, and zeta potential analyzer. TEM observation shows that the suspension is composed of 10–20 nm × 20–50 nm short rod-like and 10–30 nm similar spherical HAP nanoparticles. The number-averaged particle size of stable suspension is about 30 nm between 11.6 and 110.5 nm and the zeta potential is −60.9 mV. The increase of stability of HAP nanoparticles suspension mainly depends on the electrostatic effect and steric effect of GAGs. The HAP nanoparticles can be easily transported into the cancer cells and exhibit good potential as gene or drug carrier system.
References
Adamczyk Z, Weroński P (1999) Application of the DLVO theory for particle deposition problems. Adv Coll Interface Sci 83:137–226. doi:10.1016/S0001-8686(99)00009-3
Chung RJ, Hsieh MF, Huang KC et al (2005) Anti-microbial hydroxyapatite particles synthesized by a sol–gel route. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 33:229–239. doi:10.1007/s10971-005-5618-1
Ferraz MP, Mateus AY, Sousa JC et al (2007) Nanohydroxyapatite microspheres as delivery system for antibiotics: release kinetics, antimicrobial activity, and interaction with osteoblasts. J Biomed Mater Res A 81:994–1004. doi:10.1002/jbm.a.31151
Fritz H, Maier M, Bayer E (1997) Cationic polystyrene nanoparticles: preparation and characterization of a model drug carrier system for antisense oligonucleotides. J Coll Interface Sci 195:272–278. doi:10.1006/jcis.1997.5172
Habelitz S, Pascual L, Durán A (1999) Nitrogen-containing apatite. J Eur Ceram Soc 19:2685–2694. doi:10.1016/S0955-2219(99)00048-5
Han YC, Li SP, Wang XY et al (2004) Synthesis and sintering of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite powders by citric acid sol–gel combustion method. Mater Res Bull 39:25–32. doi:10.1016/j.materresbull.2003.09.022
LeGeros RZ (1991) Calcium phosphates in oral biology and medicine. Karger, Basel
Li H, Khor KA, Chow V et al (2007) Nanostructural characteristics, mechanical properties, and osteoblast response of spark plasma sintered hydroxyapatite. J Biomed Mater Res Part A 82:296–303
Liu JB, Li KW, Wang H et al (2004) Rapid formation of hydroxyapatite nanostructures by microwave irradiation. Chem Phys Lett 396:429–432. doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2004.08.094
Meyers MA, Mishra A, Benson DJ (2006) Mechanical properties of nanocrystalline materials. Prog Mater Sci 51:427–556. doi:10.1016/j.pmatsci.2005.08.003
Nakamura S, Isobe T, Senna M (2001) Hydroxyapatite nano sol prepared via a mechanochemical route. J Nanopart Res 3:57–61. doi:10.1023/A:1011407814795
Ninham BW (1999) On progress in forces since the DLVO theory. Adv Coll Interface Sci 83:1–17. doi:10.1016/S0001-8686(99)00008-1
Ong HT, Loo JSC, Boey FYC et al (2008) Exploiting the high-affinity phosphonate-hydroxyapatite nanoparticle interaction for delivery of radiation and drugs. J Nanopart Res 10:141–150. doi:10.1007/s11051-007-9239-1
Pang SW, Park HY, Jang YS et al (2002) Effects of charge density and particle size of poly(styrene/(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) nanoparticle for gene delivery in 293 cells. Coll Surf B Biointerfaces 26:213–222. doi:10.1016/S0927-7765(01)00335-6
Ramesh S, Tan CY, Sopyan I et al (2007) Consolidation of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite powder. Sci Technol Adv Mater 8:124–130. doi:10.1016/j.stam.2006.11.002
Rehman I, Bonfield W (1997) Characterization of hydroxyapatite and carbonated hydroxyapatite by photo acoustic FTIR spectroscopy. J Mater Sci Mater Med 8:1–4. doi:10.1023/A:1018570213546
Roy I, Mitra S, Maitra A et al (2003) Calcium phosphate nanoparticles as novel non-viral vectors for targeted gene delivery. Int J Pharm 250:25–33. doi:10.1016/S0378-5173(02)00452-0
Sun YX, Guo GS, Tao DL et al (2007) Reverse microemulsion-directed synthesis of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles under hydrothermal conditions. J Phys Chem Solids 68:373–377. doi:10.1016/j.jpcs.2006.11.026
Sung YM, Lee JC, Yang JW (2004) Crystallization and sintering characteristics of chemically precipitated hydroxyapatite nanopowder. J Cryst Growth 262:467–472. doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2003.10.001
Wang YJ, Lai C, Wei K et al (2006) Investigations on the formation mechanism of hydroxyapatite synthesized by the solvothermal method. Nanotechnology 17:4405–4412. doi:10.1088/0957-4484/17/17/020
Zhang YJ, Lu JJ (2007) A simple method to tailor spherical nanocrystal hydroxyapatite at low temperature. J Nanopart Res 9:589–594. doi:10.1007/s11051-006-9177-3
Zhou ZH, Zhou PL, Yang SP et al (2007) Controllable synthesis of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals via a dendrimer-assisted hydrothermal process. Mater Res Bull 42:1611–1618. doi:10.1016/j.materresbull.2006.11.041
Zhu SH, Huang BY, Zhou KC et al (2004) Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles as a novel gene carrier. J Nanopart Res 6:307–311. doi:10.1023/B:NANO.0000034721.06473.23
Acknowledgment
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of P. R. China.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Han, Y., Wang, X. & Li, S. A simple route to prepare stable hydroxyapatite nanoparticles suspension. J Nanopart Res 11, 1235–1240 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-008-9507-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-008-9507-8