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Effect of Fonsecaea monophora on the Polarization of THP-1 Cells to Macrophages

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Abstract

Background

Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic, progressive fungal disease of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by a unique group of dematiaceous fungi. Fonsecaea monophora, a new species distinct from Fonsecaea pedrosoi strains, is the main pathogen responsible for chromoblastomycosis in south China. Macrophages can be polarized into two categories: classically activated and alternatively activated.

Objectives

Little is known about the relationship between F. monophora and macrophage polarization. This study aimed to study the effect of F. monophora on the polarization of THP-1 cells to macrophages.

Methods

We established coculture systems of F. monophora and THP-1-derived macrophages in different activation states.

Results

F. monophora enhanced the phagocytosis by macrophages in the initially activated state and weakened the phagocytosis by classically activated macrophages without affecting that by alternatively activated macrophages. Classically activated macrophages had the strongest killing effect on F. monophora, while the initially activated macrophages had the weakest. The pathogen could not be rapidly cleared by any type of macrophage. F. monophora promoted the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and inhibited that of anti-inflammatory cytokines.

Conclusions

F. monophora promoted the polarization of THP-1 cells to classically activated macrophages and inhibited that of THP-1 cells to alternatively activated macrophages.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81571970).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

    Jinglin Qin, Jing Zhang, Liyan Xi & Junmin Zhang

  2. Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The People’s Hospitol of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China

    Jinglin Qin

  3. Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

    Minglan Shi

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  1. Jinglin Qin
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  2. Jing Zhang
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  3. Minglan Shi
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Contributions

JZ, LX, JQ conceived of or designed study; JQ, MS performed research; JQ, MS analyzed data; JZ contributed new methods or models; JQ wrote the paper.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Junmin Zhang.

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All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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Handling Editor: Celia Maria de Almeida Soares.

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Qin, J., Zhang, J., Shi, M. et al. Effect of Fonsecaea monophora on the Polarization of THP-1 Cells to Macrophages. Mycopathologia 185, 467–476 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-020-00444-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-020-00444-x

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