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Omics technologies towards sesame improvement: a review

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Abstract

Genetic improvement of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), one of the most important oilseed crops providing edible oil, proteins, minerals, and vitamins, is important to ensure a balanced diet for the growing world population. Increasing yield, seed protein, oil, minerals, and vitamins is urgently needed to meet the global demand. The production and productivity of sesame is very low due to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Therefore, various efforts have been made to combat these constraints and increase the production and productivity of sesame through conventional breeding. However, less attention has been paid to the genetic improvement of the crop through modern biotechnological methods, leaving it lagging behind other oilseed crops. Recently, however, the scenario has changed as sesame research has entered the era of “omics” and has made significant progress. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the progress made by omics research in improving sesame. This review presents a number of efforts that have been made over past decade using omics technologies to improve various traits of sesame, including seed composition, yield, and biotic and abiotic resistant varieties. It summarizes the advances in genetic improvement of sesame using omics technologies, such as germplasm development (web-based functional databases and germplasm resources), gene discovery (molecular markers and genetic linkage map construction), proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics that have been carried out in the last decade. In conclusion, this review highlights future directions that may be important for omics-assisted breeding in sesame genetic improvement.

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Acknowledgements

The authors express gratitude to the vice president for research and community engagement office of Mekelle University for providing the necessary support of the present work.

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigrai, Ethiopia

    Micheale Yifter Weldemichael & Hailay Mehari Gebremedhn

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  1. Micheale Yifter Weldemichael
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Weldemichael MY conceived and designed the present research, analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript. Gebremeddhn HM wrote and review the manuscript. All the authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Micheale Yifter Weldemichael.

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Weldemichael, M.Y., Gebremedhn, H.M. Omics technologies towards sesame improvement: a review. Mol Biol Rep 50, 6885–6899 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-023-08551-w

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