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Epigenetic regulation of salinity stress responses in cereals

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Abstract

Cereals are important crops and are exposed to various types of environmental stresses that affect the overall growth and yield. Among the various abiotic stresses, salt stress is a major environmental factor that influences the genetic, physiological, and biochemical responses of cereal crops. Epigenetic regulation which includes DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin remodelling plays an important role in salt stress tolerance. Recent studies in rice genomics have highlighted that the epigenetic changes are heritable and therefore can be considered as molecular signatures. An epigenetic mechanism under salinity induces phenotypic responses involving modulations in gene expression. Association between histone modification and altered DNA methylation patterns and differential gene expression has been evidenced for salt sensitivity in rice and other cereal crops. In addition, epigenetics also creates stress memory that helps the plant to better combat future stress exposure. In the present review, we have discussed epigenetic influences in stress tolerance, adaptation, and evolution processes. Understanding the epigenetic regulation of salinity could help for designing salt-tolerant varieties leading to improved crop productivity.

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  1. Md. Mahtab Rashid, Anukool Vaishnav and Rakesh Kumar Verma have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Md. Mahtab Rashid

  2. Department of Plant Pathology, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India

    Md. Mahtab Rashid

  3. Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281121, India

    Anukool Vaishnav

  4. Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope (Reckenholz), 8046, Zürich, Switzerland

    Anukool Vaishnav

  5. Department of Biosciences, Mody University of Science and Technology, Lakshmangarh, Sikar, Rajasthan, India

    Rakesh Kumar Verma

  6. Department of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, India

    Pradeep Sharma

  7. Nuclear Agriculture & Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India

    P. Suprasanna

  8. Department of Biotechnology, Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

    R. K. Gaur

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MMR, AV, and RKV wrote the manuscript draft. PS, PS, and RKG critically revised the article. The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors before submission.

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Rashid, .M., Vaishnav, A., Verma, R.K. et al. Epigenetic regulation of salinity stress responses in cereals. Mol Biol Rep 49, 761–772 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-021-06922-9

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