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Emerging role of extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis of glioblastoma

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Abstract

While brain tumors are not extremely frequent, they cause high mortality due to lack of appropriate treatment and late detection. Glioblastoma is the most frequent type of primary brain tumor. This malignant tumor has a highly aggressive behavior. Expression profile of different types of transcripts, methylation status of a number of genomic loci and chromosomal aberrations have been found to affect course of glioblastoma and propensity for recurrence and metastasis. Recent studies have shown that glioblastoma cells produce extracellular vesicles whose cargo can affect behavior of neighboring cells. Several miRNAs such as miR-301a, miR-221, miR-21, miR-16, miR-19b, miR-20, miR-26a, miR-92, miR-93, miR-29a, miR-222, miR-221 and miR-30a have been shown to be transferred by glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles and enhance the malignant behavior of these cells. Other components of glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles are EGFRvIII mRNA/protein, Ndfip1, PTEN, MYC ssDNA and IDH1 mRNA. In the current review, we discuss the available data about the molecular composition of glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles and their impact on the progression of this malignant tumor and its resistance to therapeutic modalities.

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Data Availability

The analyzed data sets generated during the study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Maryam Khayamzadeh

  2. Academy of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Maryam Khayamzadeh

  3. Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Vahid Niazi

  4. Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq

    Bashdar Mahmud Hussen

  5. Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

    Bashdar Mahmud Hussen

  6. Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Taheri

  7. Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany

    Mohammad Taheri

  8. Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard

  9. Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakin Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Samadian

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  1. Maryam Khayamzadeh
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Contributions

SGF wrote the manuscript and revised it. MT and BMH supervised and designed the study. VN, MS and MK collected the data and designed the figures and tables. All authors read and approved the submitted version.

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Correspondence to Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard or Mohammad Samadian.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent forms were obtained from all study participants. The study protocol was approved by the ethical committee of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.

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Khayamzadeh, M., Niazi, V., Hussen, B.M. et al. Emerging role of extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis of glioblastoma. Metab Brain Dis 38, 177–184 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-022-01074-6

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