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Pyrolysis-controlled synthesis and magnetic properties of sol–gel electrospun nickel cobaltite nanostructures

  • Original Paper: Nano-structured materials (particles, fibres, colloids, composites, etc.)
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Abstract

Nickel cobaltite (NCO) is a binary transition-metal oxide, which is extensively used as an electrocatalyst and magnetic material. NCO nanofibers and NCO/graphene composite exhibit high electrochemical reactivity due to the directional bridging of NCO particles. This makes NCO a promising candidate electrode material for use in supercapacitors and batteries. Besides, NCO is also a promising magnetic material due to its unique structural composition, where the cations are seated in octahedral sites surrounded by oxygen vacancies. In the present work, a simple and reliable method was discovered for tuning the morphological and structural changes of nickel cobaltite (NCO) nanoparticles, which were reshaped along the NCO nanofibers, by controlling the pyrolysis soaking time. As the pyrolysis soaking time increases, NCO transforms from inverse spinel to normal spinel; and the morphology of NCO nanoparticles changes from spherical to rod-like. These changes were validated by the hypsochromic peak shifts in Raman, and FTIR spectroscopies. The magnetic measurements reveal changes in the shape of the hysteresis loop, which are explained on the basis of structural and morphological changes in the nanostructure. The net magnetisation increases and coercivity decreases, with an increase in pyrolysis soaking time. These changes in magnetic parameters are attributed to structural changes caused by the formation of oxygen vacancies, and surface effects due to switching in morphology of the NCO nanoparticle.

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Acknowledgements

SK Balakrishnamurthy is obliged to National Institute of Technology Karnataka, India, for a research fellowship. The testing and characterisation was partially supported by the new faculty initiation grant (No: MET/15-16/836/NFIG/SRER), sanctioned to SK Kalpathy from the Industrial Consultancy and Sponsored Research, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Mangalore, 575025, India

    B. Sachin Kumar & S. Anandhan

  2. Cryogenic Engineering Center, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India

    C. Dhanasekhar & A. Venimadhav

  3. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India

    Sreeram K. Kalpathy

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  1. B. Sachin Kumar
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Highlights

  • Nickel cobaltite (NCO) nanofibers with in situ formed graphene-like structure.

  • Evidence of inverse to normal spinel transformation in NCO crystal structure.

  • Change in coercivity of NCO nanofibers as a function of NCO nanoparticle shape.

  • Synergism of NCO nanoparticle and graphene-like structure on electrical resistivity.

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Kumar, B.S., Dhanasekhar, C., Venimadhav, A. et al. Pyrolysis-controlled synthesis and magnetic properties of sol–gel electrospun nickel cobaltite nanostructures. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 86, 664–674 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-018-4672-4

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