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Sexual Minority Stress, Mental Health Symptoms, and Suicidality among LGBTQ Youth Accessing Crisis Services

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Abstract

Sexual and gender minority youth are at elevated risk for suicide. Studies have separately established the relation between minority stress and mental health symptoms, as well as minority stress and suicidality. However, no known research has simultaneously examined different mental health mechanisms whereby minority stress may be associated with different suicidal experiences (e.g., suicidal ideation, suicide attempts). The present study used data from a national sample of 572 sexual and gender minority youth aged 12 to 24 (mean age = 17.59; SD = 3.13) recruited from an LGBTQ youth-focused suicide crisis prevention provider. Nearly one-third of the sample (30.2%) identified as transgender, genderqueer, or questioning. Nearly one quarter of the sample (24.3%) identified as gay, 17.1% as pansexual, 16.8% as bisexual, and 15.2% as lesbian. Structural equation modeling was used for mediation analyses to explain suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Serial mediation models were determined to be the best fit for both suicide-related outcomes. Minority stress was associated with depressive and PTSD symptoms, which were linked with suicidal ideation and attempt through hopelessness. The findings supported the hypotheses that minority stress would be associated with suicidality not just directly, but also indirectly through multiple mental health symptom pathways.

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Acknowledgements

This work was carried out by the Center for LGBT Health Equity at the USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work.

Authors’ contributions

AF participated in the study design/coordination, data collection, and oversaw the preparations and completion of all manuscript revisions; HR participated in the study design/coordination, data collection, and helped to draft the manuscript; MM was the lead statistical analyst and helped to draft the manuscript; CK supported the statistical analysis and helped to draft the manuscript; AS supported the literature review and helped to draft the manuscript; GW supported the literature review and helped to draft the manuscript; JG conceived of the study, led the study design/coordination, data collection, and oversaw the preparation of the initial manuscript submission. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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This study was funded by the Trevor Project (J.T.G.).

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  1. Graduate School of Social Work, University of Denver, 2148S. High St., Denver, CO, 80208, USA

    Anthony Fulginiti

  2. Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, 663W. 34th St., Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA

    Harmony Rhoades, Mary Rose Mamey, Cary Klemmer, Ankur Srivastava, Garrett Weskamp & Jeremy T. Goldbach

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Fulginiti, A., Rhoades, H., Mamey, M.R. et al. Sexual Minority Stress, Mental Health Symptoms, and Suicidality among LGBTQ Youth Accessing Crisis Services. J Youth Adolescence 50, 893–905 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-020-01354-3

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