Skip to main content
Log in

Loop-Erased Random Walk as a Spin System Observable

  • Published:
Journal of Statistical Physics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The determination of the Hausdorff dimension of the scaling limit of loop-erased random walk is closely related to the study of the one-point function of loop-erased random walk, i.e., the probability a loop-erased random walk passes through a given vertex. Recent work in the theoretical physics literature has investigated the Hausdorff dimension of loop-erased random walk in three dimensions by applying field theory techniques to study spin systems that heuristically encode the one-point function of loop-erased random walk. Inspired by this, we introduce two different spin systems whose correlation functions can be rigorously shown to encode the one-point function of loop-erased random walk.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abdesselam, A.: The Grassmann–Berezin calculus and theorems of the matrix-tree type. Adv. Appl. Math. 33(1), 51–70 (2004)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  2. Abe, R., Hatano, A.: Fixed length spin system extended to negative spin dimensionality. Phys. Lett. A 48(4), 281–282 (1974)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. Angel, O., Croydon, D.A., Hernandez-Torres, S., Shiraishi, D.: Scaling limits of the three-dimensional uniform spanning tree and associated random walk. arXiv:2003.09055 (2020)

  4. Balian, R., Toulouse, G.: Critical exponents for transitions with \(n=-2\) components of the order parameter. Phys. Rev. Lett. 30(12), 544–546 (1973)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. Bauerschmidt, R., Brydges, D.C., Slade, G.: Introduction to a Renormalisation Group Method. Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 2242. Springer, Singapore (2019)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  6. Bauerschmidt, R., Helmuth, T., Swan, A.: The geometry of random walk isomorphism theorems. arXiv preprint arXiv:1904.01532 (2019)

  7. Brydges, D., Fröhlich, J., Spencer, T.: The random walk representation of classical spin systems and correlation inequalities. Commun. Math. Phys. 83(1), 123–150 (1982)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  8. Fedorenko, A.A., Le Doussal, P., Wiese, K.J.: Field theory conjecture for loop-erased random walks. J. Stat. Phys. 133(5), 805–812 (2008)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. Fisher, M.E.: Classical, \(n\)-component spin systems or fields with negative even integral \(n\). Phys. Rev. Lett. 30(15), 679–681 (1973)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  10. Helmuth, T.: Loop-weighted walk. Ann. Inst. Henri Poincaré D 3(1), 55–119 (2016)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  11. Knops, H.: Fixed length spin system extended to negative spin dimensionality. Phys. Lett. A 45(3), 217–218 (1973)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. Kozma, G.: The scaling limit of loop-erased random walk in three dimensions. Acta Math. 199(1), 29–152 (2007)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  13. Krattenthaler, C.: The theory of heaps and the Cartier–Foata monoid. Appendix of the electronic edition of Problemes combinatoires de commutation et réarrangements (2006)

  14. Lawler, G.F.: Intersections of Random Walks. Probability and Its Applications. Birkhäuser Boston Inc, Boston, MA (1991)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  15. Lawler, G.F., Schramm, O., Werner, W.: Conformal invariance of planar loop-erased random walks and uniform spanning trees. Ann. Probab. 32(1B), 939–995 (2004)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  16. Li, X., Shiraishi, D.: Convergence of three-dimensional loop-erased random walk in the natural parametrization. arXiv preprint arXiv:1811.11685 (2018)

  17. Li, X., Shiraishi, D.: One-point function estimates for loop-erased random walk in three dimensions. Electron. J. Probab. 24, 46 (2019)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  18. Marchal, P.: Loop-erased random walks and heaps of cycles. Preprint PMA-539, University of Paris VI, 1999

  19. Nienhuis, B.: Exact critical point and critical exponents of \({\rm O}(n)\) models in two dimensions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 49(15), 1062–1065 (1982)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  20. Pemantle, R.: Choosing a spanning tree for the integer lattice uniformly. Ann. Probab. 19(4), 1559–1574 (1991)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  21. Shapira, A., Wiese, K.J.: An exact mapping between loop-erased random walks and an interacting field theory with two fermions and one boson. arXiv:2006.07899 (2020)

  22. Shiraishi, D.: Hausdorff dimension of the scaling limit of loop-erased random walk in three dimensions. Ann. Inst. Henri Poincaré Probab. Stat. 55(2), 791–834 (2019)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  23. Symanzik, K.: Euclidean quantum field theory. In: Jost, R. (ed.) Local Quantum Field Theory. Academic Press, New York (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Viennot, G.X.: Heaps of pieces, I: Basic definitions and combinatorial lemmas. Combinatoire énumérative, pp. 321–350. Springer, Berlin. (1986)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  25. Wiese, K.J., Fedorenko, A.A.: Field theories for loop-erased random walks. Nucl. Phys. B 946, 114696 (2019)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  26. Wilson, D.B.: Generating random spanning trees more quickly than the cover time. In: Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth Annual ACM Symposium on the Theory of Computing, Philadelphia, PA, 1996, pp. 296–303. ACM, New York, 1996

  27. Wilson, D.B.: Dimension of the loop-erased random walk in three dimensions. Phys. Rev. E 82(6), 062102 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors thank K. J. Wiese for bringing this problem to our attention. We also thank the referees for their thorough and helpful reports on a previous version of this article. TH was at the University of Bristol when this work was carried out, and was supported by EPSRC Grant EP/P003656/1.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tyler Helmuth.

Additional information

Communicated by Yvan Velenik.

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Helmuth, T., Shapira, A. Loop-Erased Random Walk as a Spin System Observable. J Stat Phys 181, 1306–1322 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10955-020-02628-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10955-020-02628-7

Keywords

Navigation