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On the Use of Resource Reservation for Web Services Load Balancing

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Abstract

A key issue for good performance of worldwide distributed web services is the efficiency of the load balancing mechanism used to distribute client requests among the replicated servers. The load balancing solution allows providers to make better use of their resources, soften the need for over-provision, and help tolerate abrupt load peaks. In this paper, we propose a new load balancing solution that reduces service response times by applying a protocol for the reservation of remote resources. This protocol prevents the overload of remote servers by limiting the amount of load each server can redirect to the others. We describe a middleware that supports this protocol by managing the trade of resources among a set of servers, allowing them to share their spare capacity in a transparent way. We also present the results of a large set of simulations that encompass an exhaustive set of workload scenarios based on realistic internet traffic models.

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Notes

  1. Domain Name System.

  2. Authoritative Domain Name Server.

  3. http://www.mesquite.com/

  4. http://www.gnu.org/software/glpk/

  5. http://www.planet-lab.org

  6. http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank FAPESP (# 07/56423-6), CAPES, and CNPq (# 473340/2009-7) for the financial support, and Schooner, Emulab, PlanetLab, and RNP (National Education and Research Network) for the infrastructure support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Embrapa Agricultural Informatics, Campinas, Brazil

    Alan Nakai

  2. Institute of Computing, UNICAMP - University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil

    Alan Nakai, Edmundo Madeira & Luiz Eduardo Buzato

Authors
  1. Alan Nakai
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  2. Edmundo Madeira
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  3. Luiz Eduardo Buzato
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alan Nakai.

Appendix: One-way ANOVA and bootstrapping

Appendix: One-way ANOVA and bootstrapping

See Appendix Tables 7, 8, 9, 10

Table 7 One-way ANOVA: workload~safety margins
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Table 8 Bootstrapping (95% confidence intervals for average response times): workload~safety margins
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Table 9 One-way ANOVA: workload~load balancing solutions
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Table 10 Bootstrapping (95% confidence intervals for average response times): workload~load balancing solutions
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Nakai, A., Madeira, E. & Buzato, L.E. On the Use of Resource Reservation for Web Services Load Balancing. J Netw Syst Manage 23, 502–538 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10922-014-9303-y

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