Abstract
Nondestructive testing with ultrasonic techniques represents a well-established method to detect the different types of defects within industrial specimens. An accurate interpretation of measured ultrasonic data is mandatory in order to decide about the quality of the material under control. Poor resolution of this data may mislead the controller to make a misdiagnosis. The application of advanced signal processing methods can help to improve the measured data and ease the interpretation of results, thus, reducing misdiagnosis. In this work, our aim is to propose a new algorithm to improve the resolution of B-scan images and to detect with accuracy the delamination defects close to surfaces in composite materials. The proposed method based on the iterative thresholding Shannon energy of an optimized modified Stockwell transform matrix. The performance of the proposed method is demonstrated using simulated B-scan images containing defects echoes close to the front surface and back wall surface in order to highlight the phenomenon of delamination. Further, the experimental tests were validated on a sample of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite material with a delamination defects (close to the front surface and close to the back wall). The obtained results show effectively that the proposed method allows the improvement of the resolution and the detection of the delamination defects in both the simulated and experimental B-scan images.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Karabutov, A.A., Podymova, N.B.: Quantitative analysis of the influence of voids and delaminations on acoustic attenuation in CFRP composites by the laser-ultrasonic spectroscopy method. Composites B 56, 238–244 (2014)
Ismail, S.C., Ng, N., Ali, A., Sahari, B., Yusof, J.M., Chu, B.W.: Non-destructive inspection of multi-layered composites using ultrasonic signal processing. Mater. Sci. Eng. 17, 012045 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/17/1/012045
Eremin, A.A.: Viscosity-driven attenuation of elastic guided waves in layered composite structures. Mater. Phys. Mech. 37, 42–51 (2018)
Haixing, Z.: Application research on ultrasonic phased array technology in weld seam inspection. J Phys: Conf Ser 1601, 42041 (2020)
Benammar, A., Kechida, A., Drai, R.: Signal quality improvement using a new TMSSE algorithm: application in delamination detection in composite materials. J. Nondestr. Eval. 36, 16 (2017)
Drai, R., Khelil, M., Benchaala, A.: Time frequency and wavelet transform applied to selected problems in ultrasonics NDE. NDT E Int. 35(8), 567–572 (2002)
Stockwell, R.G., Mansinha, L., Lowe, R.P.: Localisation of the complex spectrum: the S transform. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. (1996). https://doi.org/10.1109/78.492555
Sejdić, E., Djurović, I., Jiang, J.A.: Window width optimized S-transform. EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process. 2008, 672941 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1155/2008/672941
Sahu, S.S., Panda, G., George, N.V.: An improved S-transform for time-frequency analysis. IEEE Int. Adv. Comput. Conf. 2009, 315–319 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1109/IADCC.2009.4809028
Regimanu, B., Das, K.C., Rao, K.S., Rao, N.V.K.: Dither signal filtering in ring laser gyroscope using modified Stockwell transform. IEEE Sens. Lett. 2(3), 1–4 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2018.2865426
Mansinha, L., Stockwell, R.G., Lowe, R.P., Eramian, M., Schincariol, R.A.: Local S-spectrum analysis of 1-D and 2-D data. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 103(3–4), 329–336 (1997)
Moukadem, A., Bouguila, Z., OuldAbdeslam, D., Dieterlen, A.: A new optimized Stockwell transform applied on synthetic and real non-stationary signals. Digit. Signal Process. 46, 226–238 (2015)
Chatterjee, S., Samanta, K., Choudhury, N.R., Bose, R.: Detection of myopathy and ALS electromyograms employing modified window Stockwell transform. IEEE Sens. Lett. 3(7), 1–4 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2019.2921072
Amirou, A., Ould-Abdeslam, D., Zidelmal, Z., Aidene, M., Merckle, J.: Using S-transform and Shannon energy for electrical disturbances detection. In: Industrial Electronics Society, IECON- 40th annual conference of the IEEE (2014). https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2014.7048849
Zidelmal, Z., Amirou, A., Ould-Abdeslam, D., Moukadem, A., Dieterlen, A.: QRS detection using S-transform and Shannon energy. Comput. Methods Progr. Biomed. 116, 1–9 (2014)
Chen, X.H., He, Z.H., Huang, D.J., Wen, X.T.: Low frequency shadow detection of gas reservoirs in time-frequency domain. Chin. J. Geophys. 52(1), 215–221 (2009)
George, N.V., Sahu, S.S., Mansinha, L., Tiampo, K.F., Panda, G.: Time localised band filtering using modified S-transform. Int. Conf. Signal Process. Syst. (2009). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSPS.2009.63
Assous, S., Boashash, B.: Evaluation of the modified S-transform for time-frequency synchrony analysis and source localization. EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process. (2012). https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-6180-2012-49
Demirli, R., Saniie, J.: Model-based estimation of ultrasonicechoes. Part I: analysis and algorithms. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 48(3), 787–802 (2001)
Zhu, Y., Weight, J.P.: Ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation of highly scattering materialsusing adaptive filtering and detection. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control (1994). https://doi.org/10.1109/58.265817
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Benyahia, A., Benammar, A. & Guessoum, A. An Improved Ultrasonic B-Scan Images Method for Delamination Defects in Composite Materials Based Optimized Modified Stockwell Transform. J Nondestruct Eval 41, 36 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10921-022-00868-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10921-022-00868-z