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New Middle Miocene Caviomorph Rodents from Quebrada Honda, Bolivia

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Abstract

The rodents of the middle Miocene fauna of Quebrada Honda Bolivia are described. The most abundant rodent is the chinchillid Prolagostomus sp. More precise identification of this species will require revision of early to middle Miocene lagostomines, taking into account variation in modern populations. The next most common rodents are the tiny octodontoid Acarechimys, sp. nov.?, and the caviid Guiomys unica. The Acarechimys species may be unique to Quebrada Honda, but verification awaits revision of this geographically and temporally widespread genus. Guiomys unica is a recently described species otherwise known only from two Patagonian localities, El Petiso and Río Chico. Two rodents are unique to Quebrada Honda. Mesoprocta hypsodus, gen. et sp. nov., is a dasyproctid distinguished by its very hypsodont, cement-covered cheek teeth. Quebradahondomys potosiensis, gen. et sp. nov., is an adelphomyine echimyid distinguished by the less oblique lophids of its trilophodont cheek teeth, among other features. The rodents of Quebrada Honda are more similar to those of Patagonia than those of northern South America, paralleling patterns seen in other mammal groups from this fauna.

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Acknowledgements

We thank N. Czaplewski, A. Kramarz, M. Pérez, S. Simpson, and J. Wertheim for very helpful discussions; M. Jin (AMHN), A. Kramarz (MACN), S. McLaren and J.R. Wible (Carnegie Museum), and D. Rubliar (Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Santiago, Chile) for access to specimens in their care; D. Brinkman (YPM-PU), and R. Hulbert and B. MacFadden (UF), and M. Jin (AMNH) for loans of specimens; D. Auerbach, R. Chavez, J. Conrad, P. Higgins, C. Garzione, and J. Smith for assistance in the field; J.R. Wible and anonymous reviewers for critical reviews of the content of this paper; and D. Chapman, M. Ryan, A. Shinya, and L. Yerian for assistance with fossil preparation and specimen curation. A preliminary version of this research was submitted for J. Chick’s M.S. thesis. Funding for this research was provided by the National Geographic Society Committee for Research and Exploration (NGS 8115–06 to D. Croft) and the National Science Foundation (EAR 0958733 to D. Croft, EAR 0635678 to C. Garzione and T. Jordan).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106-4930, USA

    Darin A. Croft

  2. Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA

    Jennifer M. H. Chick

  3. Facultad de Ingeniería Geológica, Universidad Autónoma Tomás Frías, Av. Del Maestro s/n, Potosí, Bolivia

    Federico Anaya

Authors
  1. Darin A. Croft
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  2. Jennifer M. H. Chick
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  3. Federico Anaya
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Darin A. Croft.

Appendices

Appendix 1

Dental measurements (in mm) for Guiomys unica (Caviidae) from Quebrada Honda. Abbreviations: AP, anteroposterior length; LF, local fauna; ML, mediolateral width; QH, Quebrada Honda Local Fauna; RR, Río Rosario Local Fauna; TTL, total toothrow length (only included for specimens preserving three or four cheek teeth). Measurements in parentheses are estimates.

     

P4

M1

M2

M3

Specimen

LF

Element

Side

TTL

AP

ML

AP

ML

AP

ML

AP

ML

UATF-V-000962

RR

Palate

R

–

3.3

2.8

3.3

3.3

    

UATF-V-000962

QH

Palate

L

–

  

3.5

3.3

    

UATF-V-000981

RR

Maxilla

R

–

3.1

3.0

      

UATF-V-001038

QH

Palate

R

15.8

3.3

3.3

3.4

3.0

3.5

2.8

4.5

3.2

UATF-V-001038

RR

Palate

L

(16.1)

(3.2)

(2.9)

3.5

3.1

3.3

3.1

5.0

2.7

UF 236852

RR

Cranium

R

13.6

–

–

3.6

3.3

3.6

3.2

4.9

3.2

UF 236852

RR

Cranium

L

13.9

–

–

3.9

3.3

–

3.3

5.1

3.1

UF 236853

RR

Cranium

R

(16.0)

4.3

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.7

(3.0)

–

–

UF 236853

RR

Cranium

L

15.9

4.2

3.0

3.8

3.3

3.7

3.3

4.0

3.0

UF 236859

RR

Rostrum

R

–

3.1

–

3.3

3.3

    

UF 236859

RR

Rostrum

L

–

3.3

2.8

3.1

3.0

    

UF 236860

RR

Palate

R

(15.3)

3.5

3.1

3.1

3.5

3.4

3.3

–

(3.5)

UF 236860

RR

Palate

L

(15.5)

–

–

  

3.5

3.3

(4.5)

(3.6)

     

p4

m1

m2

m3

Specimen

LF

Element

Side

TTL

AP

ML

AP

ML

AP

ML

AP

ML

UATF-V-000971

RR

Dentary

R

16.1

3.1

2.4

3.5

3.2

4.3

3.2

4.9

2.9

UATF-V-000973

RR

Dentary

R

13.3

(2.0)

2.4

3.4

2.7

3.5

3.0

4.3

2.8

UATF-V-001008

RR

Dentary

R

11.6

  

3.0

2.8

3.4

2.8

3.9

3.0

UATF-V-001017

RR

Dentary

L

10.9

3.0

2.5

3.5

3.3

4.1

3.2

  

UF 26914

QH

Dentary

L

10.1

3.0

2.2

3.4

3.0

3.7

2.8

  

UF 66003

RR?

Dentary

R

12.0

3.4

2.9

4.0

3.3

4.0

3.4

  

UF 236854

RR

Mandible

R

18.0

3.6

2.7

4.2

3.2

4.7

3.2

4.9

3.2

UF 236854

RR

Mandible

L

17.5

3.6

2.8

4.3

3.2

4.6

3.5

(5.0)

3.3

UF 236858

RR

Dentary

R

9.2

2.3

2.1

3.2

2.9

3.5

2.7

  

Appendix 2

Dental measurements (in mm) for Acarechimys, sp. nov.? (Octodontoidea) from Quebrada Honda. Abbreviations: AP, anteroposterior length; ETL, estimated toothrow length (based on UATF-V-000935); LF, local fauna; ML, mediolateral width; QH, Quebrada Honda Local Fauna; RR, Río Rosario Local Fauna; TTL, total toothrow length. ETL and TTL are only provided for specimens preserving at least three cheek teeth.

     

dp4

m1

m2

m3

Specimen

LF

Side

TTL

ETL

AP

ML

AP

ML

AP

ML

AP

ML

UATF-V-000896

QH

L

–

–

–

–

–

–

1.8

1.8

1.5

1.6

UATF-V-000897

QH

L

–

–

1.7

1.3

–

–

    

UATF-V-000934

QH

R

5.6

7.4

2.0

1.4

2.0

1.8

1.6

2.0

  

UATF-V-000935

QH

R

7.1

n/a

1.9

1.4

1.7

1.6

1.8

1.8

1.6

1.6

UATF-V-000940

QH

R

–

–

    

1.7

1.8

1.6

1.5

UATF-V-000950

QH

L

5.2

7.2

–

1.5

1.8

1.8

1.9

2.0

1.3

1.4

UATF-V-000952

QH

R

5.5

7.7

–

–

1.8

1.8

1.9

1.9

1.5

1.4

UATF-V-000958

QH

R

–

–

    

1.7

2.0

  

UATF-V-000960

QH

R

–

–

1.9

1.5

1.8

1.7

    

UATF-V-000974

RR

L

5.5

7.7

1.9

1.5

1.9

1.7

1.7

1.7

  

UATF-V-000983

RR

L

5.8

7.6

1.9

1.5

1.8

2.1

2.1

2.1

  

UATF-V-001039

RR

R

6.3

8.3

2.1

1.7

2.1

2.0

1.9

2.3

  

AMNH 107907 (= UF 26695)

QH

L

5.2

7.2

  

1.7

2.0

1.9

2.0

1.6

1.7

AMNH 107908 (= UF 26696)

QH

L

5.4

7.1

1.9

1.7

1.7

1.8

1.8

2.0

  

AMNH 107909 (= UF 26697)

QH

R

6.0

7.9

2.0

1.6

1.9

1.9

2.1

2.0

  

AMNH 107910 (= UF 26698 or 26699)

QH

R

5.8

7.6

1.9

1.5

1.8

1.9

2.1

2.1

  

AMNH 107912 (= UF 26698 or 26699)

QH

R

–

–

1.9

1.4

1.9

1.7

    
   

DP4

M1

M2

M3

Specimen

LF

Side

AP

ML

AP

ML

AP

ML

AP

ML

AMNH 107911 (= UF 26713)

QH

R

    

2.1

2.1

1.5

1.8

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Croft, D.A., Chick, J.M.H. & Anaya, F. New Middle Miocene Caviomorph Rodents from Quebrada Honda, Bolivia. J Mammal Evol 18, 245–268 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-011-9164-z

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