Abstract
Chronic pain, sleep problems, and psychological distress (PD) can be disabling conditions and previous research has shown that they are associated. The nuances of the comorbid nature of these conditions may be important to understand for those who treat these conditions. This study examined the bidirectional associations of these health factors concurrently and over time in a sample of U.S. adults (N = 1,008, Mage = 57.68) from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study. Participants reported on their daily pain, sleep quantity, and psychological distress over eight days. A modified Random Intercept Cross-lagged Panel Model was used to analyze the relations, starting with the whole sample and then a comparison of those with and without chronic pain. Results indicated that nightly variation in sleep quantity predicted next day psychological distress for both groups. Sleep quantity also predicted next-day pain, but only for individuals with chronic pain. Associations between pain and psychological distress were found both at the daily level and individual (between-person) level. This between-person association was stronger for those with chronic pain. The lagged associations between sleep, and both pain and psychological distress for the chronic pain group indicate that, increased quantity of sleep predicts decreased next-day pain and psychological distress. Providers could consider this unidirectional lagged relationship when prioritizing treatment for patients with these comorbid conditions. Future research may examine whether responsive, just-in-time treatments might intervene after participants wake from a poor night’s sleep to counteract the negative effects of reduced sleep on PD and pain.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data Availability
The Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study data are available at the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research website: https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/web/ICPSR/studies/26841. The R code and model output files are made available at https://osf.io/m65nr/?view_only=c8dc47179a52447d9d68b75d127e311d.
Notes
Headache pain was used by itself as an outcome in supplementary analyses. Of note however, there were not enough participants with chronic headache pain to conduct group comparisons.
As a sensitivity analysis, an alternative way of determining of chronic pain was also modeled. It was based on whether the participant reported a four or greater on any form of pain on a majority of the days in which they responded to the daily diary survey. Values of four to five are often identified as the cutoff between mild and moderate pain (Boonstra et al., 2016; Oldenmenger et al., 2013). This approach recognizes that individuals with chronic pain can have fluctuations in the presence and severity of their pain (Mun et al., 2019). Because the findings from these alternative models were similar to the ones presented in the results below, they are not be discussed further, but the findings are available as supplemental material.
References
Arnison, T., Schrooten, M. G. S., Hesser, H., Jansson-Fröjmark, M., & Persson, J. (2022). Longitudinal, bidirectional relationships of insomnia symptoms and musculoskeletal pain across adolescence: The mediating role of mood. PAIN, 163(2), 287. https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002334
Asarnow, L. D., & Manber, R. (2019). Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in depression. Sleep Medicine Clinics, 14(2), 177–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsmc.2019.01.009
Ashbrook, L. H., Krystal, A. D., Fu, Y. H., & Ptáček, L. J. (2020). Genetics of the human circadian clock and sleep homeostat. Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication Of The American College Of Neuropsychopharmacology, 45(1), 45–54. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-019-0476-7
Ashdown-Franks, G., Firth, J., Carney, R., Carvalho, A. F., Hallgren, M., Koyanagi, A., Rosenbaum, S., Schuch, F. B., Smith, L., Solmi, M., Vancampfort, D., & Stubbs, B. (2020). Exercise as medicine for mental and substance use disorders: A meta-review of the benefits for neuropsychiatric and cognitive outcomes. Sports Medicine, 50(1), 151–170. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01187-6
Babiloni, A. H., Beetz, G., Tang, N. K., Heinzer, R., Nijs, J., Martel, M. O., & Lavigne, G. J. (2021). Towards the endotyping of the sleep-pain interaction: A topical review on multitarget strategies based on phenotypic vulnerabilities and putative pathways. Pain, 162(5), 1281–1288.
Ballantyne, J. C., & Sullivan, M. D. (2017). Discovery of endogenous opioid systems: What it has meant for the clinician’s understanding of pain and its treatment. Pain, 158(12), 2290–2300. https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001043
Bao, Y. P., Han, Y., Ma, J., Wang, R. J., Shi, L., Wang, T. Y., He, J., Yue, J. L., Shi, J., Tang, X. D., & Lu, L. (2017). Cooccurrence and bidirectional prediction of sleep disturbances and depression in older adults: Meta-analysis and systematic review. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 75, 257–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.01.032
Bhaskar, S., Hemavathy, D., & Prasad, S. (2016). Prevalence of chronic insomnia in adult patients and its correlation with medical comorbidities. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 5(4), 780–784. https://doi.org/10.4103/2249-4863.201153
Boakye, P. A., Olechowski, C., Rashiq, S., Verrier, M. J., Kerr, B., Witmans, M., Baker, G., Joyce, A., & Dick, B. D. (2016). A critical review of neurobiological factors involved in the interactions between chronic pain, depression, and sleep disruption. The Clinical Journal of Pain, 32(4), 327–336. https://doi.org/10.1097/AJP.0000000000000260
Boonstra, A. M., Stewart, R. E., Köke, A. J. A., Oosterwijk, R. F. A., Swaan, J. L., Schreurs, K. M. G., & Preuper, S., H. R (2016). Cut-off points for mild, moderate, and severe pain on the numeric rating scale for pain in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain: Variability and influence of sex and catastrophizing. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01466
Bruehl, S., Liu, X., Burns, J. W., Chont, M., & Jamison, R. N. (2012). Associations between daily chronic pain intensity, daily anger expression, and trait anger expressiveness: An ecological momentary assessment study. Pain, 153(12), 2352–2358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2012.08.001
Clark, J. R., Nijs, J., Yeowell, G., Holmes, P., & Goodwin, P. C. (2019). Trait sensitivity, anxiety, and personality are predictive of central sensitization symptoms in patients with chronic low back pain. Pain Practice, 19(8), 800–810. https://doi.org/10.1111/papr.12809
Dahlhamer, J. (2018). Prevalence of chronic pain and high-impact chronic pain among adults—United States, 2016. MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 67, https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6736a2
Dijk, J. D. (2009). Regulation and functional correlates of slow wave sleep. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 5(2 Suppl), S6–S15.
Dijk, J. D., Beersma, D. G. M., Daan, S., Bloem, G. M., & Van den Hoofdakker, R. H. (1987). Quantitative analysis of the effects of slow wave sleep deprivation during the first 3 h of sleep on subsequent EEG power density. European Archives of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 236(6), 323–328. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00377420
Drewes, A. M., Svendsen, L., Taagholt, S. J., Bjerregard, K., Nielsen, K. D., & Hansen, B. (1998). Sleep in rheumatoid arthritis: A comparison with healthy subjects and studies of sleep/wake interactions. Rheumatology, 37(1), 71–81. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/37.1.71
Edinger, J. D., Arnedt, J. T., Bertisch, S. M., Carney, C. E., Harrington, J. J., Lichstein, K. L., Sateia, M. J., Troxel, W. M., Zhou, E. S., Kazmi, U., Heald, J. L., & Martin, J. L. (2021). Behavioral and psychological treatments for chronic insomnia disorder in adults: An American Academy of Sleep Medicine systematic review, meta-analysis, and GRADE assessment. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 17(2), 263–298. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.8988
Edwards, R. R., Almeida, D. M., Klick, B., Haythornthwaite, J. A., & Smith, M. T. (2008). Duration of sleep contributes to next-day pain report in the general population ☆. Pain, 137(1), 202–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2008.01.025
Enomoto, K., Adachi, T., Fujino, H., Kugo, M., Tatsumi, S., & Sasaki, J. (2022). Comparison of the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, cognitive behavioral therapy for pain, and hybrid cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia and pain in individuals with comorbid insomnia and chronic pain: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 101693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101693
Eugene, A. R., & Masiak, J. (2015). The neuroprotective aspects of sleep. MEDtube Science, 3(1), 35–40.
Evans, S., Djilas, V., Seidman, L. C., Zeltzer, L. K., & Tsao, J. C. I. (2017). Sleep quality, affect, pain, and disability in children with chronic pain: Is affect a mediator or moderator? The Journal of Pain, 18(9), 1087–1095. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2017.04.007
Fan, X. M., Ren, Y. F., Fu, X., Wu, H., Ye, X., Jiang, Y. F., & You, F. M. (2021). Gabapentin has longer-term efficacy for the treatment of chronic pelvic pain in women: A systematic review and pilot meta-analysis. Pain and Therapy, 10(2), 1673–1689. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40122-021-00330-4
Feliu-Soler, A., Montesinos, F., Gutiérrez-Martínez, O., Scott, W., McCracken, L. M., & Luciano, J. V. (2018). Current status of acceptance and commitment therapy for chronic pain: A narrative review. Journal of Pain Research, 11, 2145–2159. https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S144631
Finan, P. H., & Smith, M. T. (2013). The comorbidity of insomnia, chronic pain, and depression: Dopamine as a putative mechanism. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 17(3), 173–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2012.03.003
Finan, P. H., Goodin, B. R., & Smith, M. T. (2013). The association of sleep and pain: An update and a path forward. The Journal of Pain, 14(12), 1539–1552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2013.08.007
Foo, H., & Mason, P. (2003). Brainstem modulation of pain during sleep and waking. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 7(2), 145–154. https://doi.org/10.1053/smrv.2002.0224
Friedrich, M. J. (2017). Depression is the leading cause of disability around the world. Journal Of The American Medical Association, 317(15), 1517–1517. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2017.3826
Furey, S. A., Hull, S. G., Leibowitz, M. T., Jayawardena, S., & Roth, T. (2014). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, 28-day, polysomnographic study of gabapentin in transient insomnia induced by sleep phase advance. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 10(10), 1101–1109. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.4110
Gerhart, J. I., Burns, J. W., Post, K. M., Smith, D. A., Porter, L. S., Burgess, H. J., Schuster, E., Buvanendran, A., Fras, A. M., & Keefe, F. J. (2017). Relationships between Sleep Quality and Pain-Related factors for people with chronic low back Pain: Tests of reciprocal and time of Day Effects. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 51(3), 365–375. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-016-9860-2
Haack, M., Simpson, N., Sethna, N., Kaur, S., & Mullington, J. (2020). Sleep deficiency and chronic pain: Potential underlying mechanisms and clinical implications. Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication Of The American College Of Neuropsychopharmacology, 45(1), 205–216. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-019-0439-z
Hale, L., Hill, T. D., Friedman, E., Javier Nieto, F., Galvao, L. W., Engelman, C. D., Malecki, K. M. C., & Peppard, P. E. (2013). Perceived neighborhood quality, sleep quality, and health status: Evidence from the survey of the health of Wisconsin. Social Science & Medicine, 79, 16–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.07.021
Hamaker, E. L., Kuiper, R. M., & Grasman, R. P. P. P. (2015). A critique of the cross-lagged panel model. Psychological Methods, 20(1), 102–116. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038889
Hamilton, N. A., Pressman, M., Lillis, T., Atchley, R., Karlson, C., & Stevens, N. (2012). Evaluating evidence for the role of sleep in fibromyalgia: A test of the sleep and pain diathesis model. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 36(6), 806–814. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-011-9421-8
Harris, P. E., Gordon, A. M., Dover, T. L., Small, P. A., Collins, N. L., & Major, B. (2022). Sleep, Emotions, and sense of belonging: A daily experience study. Affective Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42761-021-00088-0
Hickman, R., & D’Oliveira, T. C. (2021). 33 Associations between daily sleep and affective experiences: A systematic review. Abstracts. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2021-bssconf.30
Huhn, M., Tardy, M., Spineli, L. M., Kissling, W., Förstl, H., Pitschel-Walz, G., Leucht, C., Samara, M., Dold, M., Davis, J. M., & Leucht, S. (2014). Efficacy of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy for adult psychiatric disorders: A systematic overview of meta-analyses. JAMA Psychiatry, 71(6), 706. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.112
Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation (2023). Global health data exchange (GHDx). Retrieved April 19, 2023 from https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/
International Association for the Study of Pain (2021, August 13). Terminology | International Association for the Study of Pain. International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP). https://www.iasp-pain.org/resources/terminology/#pain
Juan, W., Rui, L., & Wei-Wen, Z. (2020). Chronic neck pain and depression: The mediating role of sleep quality and exercise. Psychology Health & Medicine, 25(8), 1029–1035. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2020.1724308
Kalmbach, D. A., Cheng, P., & Drake, C. L. (2021). A pathogenic cycle between insomnia and cognitive arousal fuels perinatal depression: Exploring the roles of nocturnal cognitive arousal and perinatal-focused rumination. Sleep, 44(6), zsab028. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab028
Kessler, R. C., Andrews, G., Colpe, L. J., Hiripi, E., Mroczek, D. K., Normand, S. L. T., Walters, E. E., & Zaslavsky, A. M. (2002). Short screening scales to monitor population prevalences and trends in non-specific psychological distress. Psychological Medicine, 32(6), 959–976.
Khoo, E. L., Small, R., Cheng, W., Hatchard, T., Glynn, B., Rice, D. B., Skidmore, B., Kenny, S., Hutton, B., & Poulin, P. A. (2019). Comparative evaluation of group-based mindfulness-based stress reduction and cognitive behavioural therapy for the treatment and management of chronic pain: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Evidence Based Mental Health, 22(1), 26–35. https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2018-300062
Konjarski, M., Murray, G., Lee, V. V., & Jackson, M. L. (2018). Reciprocal relationships between daily sleep and mood: A systematic review of naturalistic prospective studies. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 42, 47–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2018.05.005
Kothari, D. J., Davis, M. C., Yeung, E. W., & Tennen, H. A. (2015). Positive affect and pain: Mediators of the within-day relation linking sleep quality to activity interference in fibromyalgia. Pain, 156, 540–546. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.j.pain.0000460324.18138.0a
Kotov, R., Krueger, R. F., Watson, D., Achenbach, T. M., Althoff, R. R., Bagby, R. M., Brown, T. A., Carpenter, W. T., Caspi, A., Clark, L. A., Eaton, N. R., Forbes, M. K., Forbush, K. T., Goldberg, D., Hasin, D., Hyman, S. E., Ivanova, M. Y., Lynam, D. R., Markon, K., & Zimmerman, M. (2017). The hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology (HiTOP): A dimensional alternative to traditional nosologies. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 126(4), 454–477. https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000258
Kramer, A. C., Neubauer, A. B., Stoffel, M., Voss, A., & Ditzen, B. (2019). Tomorrow’s gonna suck: Today’s stress anticipation predicts tomorrow’s post-awakening cortisol increase. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 106, 38–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.03.024
Kravitz, H. M., Zheng, H., Bromberger, J. T., Buysse, D. J., Owens, J., & Hall, M. H. (2015). An actigraphy study of sleep and pain in midlife women: The study of women’s Health across the Nation Sleep Study. Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 22(7), 710–718. https://doi.org/10.1097/GME.0000000000000379
Lai, M. H. C. (2020). Composite reliability of multilevel data: It’s about observed scores and construct meanings. Psychological Methods, 13.
Lautenbacher, S., Kundermann, B., & Krieg, J. (2006). Sleep deprivation and pain perception. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 10(5), 357–369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2005.08.001
Lee, T., & Shi, D. (2021). A comparison of full information maximum likelihood and multiple imputation in structural equation modeling with missing data. Psychological Methods, 26(4), 466–485. https://doi.org/10.1037/met0000381
Lees, J. G., Fivelman, B., Duffy, S. S., Makker, P. G. S., Perera, C. J., & Moalem-Taylor, G. (2015). Cytokines in neuropathic pain and associated depression. Pain in Psychiatric Disorders, 30, 51–66. https://doi.org/10.1159/000435932
Léger, D., Debellemaniere, E., Rabat, A., Bayon, V., Benchenane, K., & Chennaoui, M. (2018). Slow-wave sleep: From the cell to the clinic. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 41, 113–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2018.01.008
Li, J. X. (2015). Pain and depression comorbidity: A preclinical perspective. Behavioural Brain Research, 276, 92–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2014.04.042
Lücke, A. J., Wrzus, C., Gerstorf, D., Kunzmann, U., Katzorreck, M., Hoppmann, C., & Schilling, O. K. (2022). Bidirectional links of daily sleep quality and duration with pain and self-rated health in older adults’ daily lives. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glac192
Mathias, J. L., Cant, M. L., & Burke, A. L. J. (2018). Sleep disturbances and sleep disorders in adults living with chronic pain: A meta-analysis. Sleep Medicine, 52, 198–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2018.05.023
McGrath, R. E., Mitchell, M., Kim, B. H., & Hough, L. (2010). Evidence for response bias as a source of error variance in applied assessment. Psychological Bulletin, 136(3), 450–470. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019216
Miró, E., Martínez, M. P., Sánchez, A. I., Prados, G., & Medina, A. (2011). When is pain related to emotional distress and daily functioning in fibromyalgia syndrome? The mediating roles of self-efficacy and sleep quality. British Journal of Health Psychology, 16(4), 799–814. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8287.2011.02016.x
Mulder, J. D., & Hamaker, E. L. (2021). Three extensions of the random intercept cross-lagged panel model. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 28(4), 638–648. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2020.1784738
Mun, C. J., Suk, H. W., Davis, M. C., Karoly, P., Finan, P., Tennen, H., & Jensen, M. P. (2019). Investigating intraindividual pain variability: Methods, applications, issues, and directions. PAIN, 160(11), 2415–2429. https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001626
Nahum-Shani, I., Smith, S. N., Spring, B. J., Collins, L. M., Witkiewitz, K., Tewari, A., & Murphy, S. A. (2018). Just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs) in mobile health: Key components and design principles for ongoing health behavior support. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 52(6), 446–462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-016-9830-8
Natsky, A. N., Vakulin, A., Chai-Coetzer, C. L., Lack, L., McEvoy, R. D., Lovato, N., Sweetman, A., Gordon, C. J., Adams, R. J., & Kaambwa, B. (2020). Economic evaluation of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) for improving health outcomes in adult populations: A systematic review. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 54, 101351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2020.101351
Neblett, R., Hartzell, M. M., Mayer, T. G., Cohen, H., & Gatchel, R. J. (2017). Establishing clinically relevant severity levels for the central sensitization inventory. Pain Practice, 17(2), 166–175. https://doi.org/10.1111/papr.12440
Nezlek, J. B. (2017). A practical guide to understanding reliability in studies of within-person variability. Journal of Research in Personality, 69, 149–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2016.06.020
Oldenmenger, W. H., de Raaf, P. J., de Klerk, C., & van der Rijt, C. C. D. (2013). Cut points on 0–10 numeric rating scales for symptoms included in the Edmonton symptom assessment scale in cancer patients: A systematic review. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 45(6), 1083–1093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2012.06.007
Ploghaus, A., Narain, C., Beckmann, C. F., Clare, S., Bantick, S., Wise, R., Matthews, P. M., Rawlins, J. N. P., & Tracey, I. (2001). Exacerbation of pain by anxiety is associated with activity in a hippocampal network. Journal of Neuroscience, 21(24), 9896–9903. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-24-09896.2001
Prochaska, J. J., Sung, H., Max, W., Shi, Y., & Ong, M. (2012). Validity study of the K6 scale as a measure of moderate mental distress based on mental health treatment need and utilization. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 21(2), 88–97. https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.1349
R Core Team (2021). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.R-project.org/
Raymond, I., Nielsen, T. A., Lavigne, G., Manzini, C., & Choinière, M. (2001). Quality of sleep and its daily relationship to pain intensity in hospitalized adult burn patients. Pain, 92(3), 381–388. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3959(01)00282-2
Rosenberg, R. P., Hull, S. G., Lankford, D. A., Mayleben, D. W., Seiden, D. J., Furey, S. A., Jayawardena, S., & Roth, T. (2014). A randomized, double-blind, single-dose, placebo-controlled, multicenter, polysomnographic study of gabapentin in transient insomnia induced by sleep phase advance. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 10(10), 1093–1100. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.4108
Rosseel, Y. (2012). lavaan: An R package for structural equation modeling. Journal of Statistical Software, 48, 1–36. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v048.i02
RStudio, T., & RStudio (2021). PBC, Boston, MA. http://www.rstudio.com/
Schrimpf, M., Liegl, G., Boeckle, M., Leitner, A., Geisler, P., & Pieh, C. (2015). The effect of sleep deprivation on pain perception in healthy subjects: A meta-analysis. Sleep Medicine, 16(11), 1313–1320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2015.07.022
Smith, M. T., & Haythornthwaite, J. A. (2004). How do sleep disturbance and chronic pain inter-relate? Insights from the longitudinal and cognitive-behavioral clinical trials literature. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 8(2), 119–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1087-0792(03)00044-3
Sommer, I., Lukic, N., Rössler, W., & Ettlin, D. A. (2019). Measuring anger in patients experiencing chronic pain - A systematic review. Journal of psychosomatic research, 125, 109778. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2019.109778
Staner, L. (2010). Comorbidity of insomnia and depression. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 14(1), 35–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2009.09.003
Takano, K., Sakamoto, S., & Tanno, Y. (2014). Repetitive thought impairs sleep quality: An experience sampling study. Behavior Therapy, 45(1), 67–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2013.09.004
Thornton, L. M., Andersen, B. L., & Blakely, W. P. (2010). The pain, depression, and fatigue symptom cluster in advanced breast cancer: Covariation with the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. Health Psychology, 29(3), 333–337. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018836
Tiede, W., Magerl, W., Baumgärtner, U., Durrer, B., Ehlert, U., & Treede, R. D. (2010). Sleep restriction attenuates amplitudes and attentional modulation of pain-related evoked potentials, but augments pain ratings in healthy volunteers. PAIN, 148(1), 36–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2009.08.029
Tomaso, C. C., Johnson, A. B., & Nelson, T. D. (2021). The effect of sleep deprivation and restriction on mood, emotion, and emotion regulation: Three meta-analyses in one. Sleep, 44(6), zsaa289. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa289
Treede, R. D., Rief, W., Barke, A., Aziz, Q., Bennett, M. I., Benoliel, R., Cohen, M., Evers, S., Finnerup, N. B., First, M. B., Giamberardino, M. A., Kaasa, S., Korwisi, B., Kosek, E., Lavand’homme, P., Nicholas, M., Perrot, S., Scholz, J., Schug, S., & Wang, S. J. (2019). Chronic pain as a symptom or a disease: The IASP classification of Chronic Pain for the International classification of Diseases (ICD-11). PAIN, 160(1), 19–27. https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001384
Turner, J. A., Jensen, M. P., & Romano, J. M. (2000). Do beliefs, coping, and catastrophizing independently predict functioning in patients with chronic pain? Pain, 85(1), 115–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3959(99)00259-6
Umucu, E., Fortuna, K., Jung, H., Bialunska, A., Lee, B., Mangadu, T., Storm, M., Ergun, G., Mozer, D. A., & Brooks, J. (2022). A national study to assess validity and psychometrics of the short Kessler psychological distress scale (K6). Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 65(2), 140–149. https://doi.org/10.1177/00343552211043261
van Wilgen, C. P., & Keizer, D. (2012). The sensitization model to explain how chronic pain exists without tissue damage. Pain Management Nursing, 13(1), 60–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2010.03.001
Vîslă, A., Flückiger, C., Holtforth, M., & David, D. (2016). Irrational beliefs and psychological distress: A meta-analysis. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 85(1), 8–15. https://doi.org/10.1159/000441231
Wampold, B. E., Budge, S. L., Laska, K. M., Re, D., Baardseth, A. C., Flűckiger, T. P., Minami, C., Kivlighan, T., D. M., & Gunn, W. (2011). Evidence-based treatments for depression and anxiety versus treatment-as-usual: A meta-analysis of direct comparisons. Clinical Psychology Review, 31(8), 1304–1312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2011.07.012
Wen, J. H., Klaiber, P., DeLongis, A., Slavish, D. C., & Sin, N. L. (2021). Day-to-day associations between nightly sleep and next-day well-being amid the COVID-19 pandemic in North America. Sleep Health, 7(6), 666–674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2021.09.007
Wickham, H., Averick, M., Bryan, J., Chang, W., McGowan, L. D., François, R., Grolemund, G., Hayes, A., Henry, L., Hester, J., Kuhn, M., Pedersen, T. L., Miller, E., Bache, S. M., Müller, K., Ooms, J., Robinson, D., Seidel, D. P., Spinu, V., & Yutani, H. (2019). Welcome to the Tidyverse. Journal of Open Source Software, 4(43), 1686. https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.01686
Wiffen, P. J., Derry, S., Bell, R. F., Rice, A. S., Tölle, T. R., Phillips, T., & Moore, R. A. (2017). Gabapentin for chronic neuropathic pain in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 6. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007938.pub4
Wulff, K., Gatti, S., Wettstein, J. G., & Foster, R. G. (2010). Sleep and circadian rhythm disruption in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disease. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 11(8), 589–599. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2868
Yang, S., & Chang, M. C. (2019). Chronic pain: Structural and functional changes in brain structures and associated negative affective states. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20(13), 3130. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133130
Yuan, K. H., & Bentler, P. M. (2000). Three likelihood-based methods for mean and covariance structure analysis with nonnormal missing data. In M. E. Sobel, & M. P. Becker (Eds.), Sociological methodology 2000 (pp. 165–200). Washington, D.C.: ASA.
Zeng, L. N., Zong, Q. Q., Yang, Y., Zhang, L., Xiang, Y. F., Ng, C. H., Chen, L. G., & Xiang, Y. T. (2020). Gender difference in the prevalence of insomnia: A meta-analysis of observational studies. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.577429. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/
Funding
Not applicable.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Austen Anderson: Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal Analysis, Writing- original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization. Danielle Holliday: Conceptualization, Writing-original draft, Writing – Reviewing & editing.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflicts of interest/Competing interests
Not applicable, no conflicts of interest to report.
Ethics approval
IRB oversight was waived by the University of Southern Mississippi IRB.
Consent to participate
Originally obtained by the parent study.
Consent for publication
Not applicable.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Anderson, A.R., Holliday, D. Mapping the associations of daily pain, sleep, and psychological distress in a U.S. sample. J Behav Med 46, 973–985 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-023-00432-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-023-00432-8