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Exploring the consequences of lanthanum incorporation on micro-structural, nanoscale morphological and magnetic traits on manganese dioxide nanoparticles

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Abstract

The primary objective of the present work is to analyse the effectiveness of lanthanum as a dopant material through sol–gel technique, onto pure γ-MnO2 (Nsutite) nanoparticles. The X-ray diffractograms confirm the structure of both pure and lanthanum doped samples, whilst bringing to light the drastic improvement in crystallite size (~ 10 nm) due to doping of lanthanum. The existence of various functional groups present in the titular material was affirmed using FTIR spectra. The multipoint BET surface area studies report a high surface area (101.03 m2/g) for pure samples and also discusses the variation with effect to doping of lanthanum. The morphological study done using HR-SEM on the pure γ-MnO2 samples show a rice-like morphology with a grain size of 20–35 nm. On the other hand, the lanthanum doped γ-MnO2 samples display a nano-twig morphology as seen in FE-SEM images. Elemental composition analysis was confirmed using EDX. The HR-TEM images clearly corroborate to the same morphology and the SAED pattern display a highly polycrystalline nature with a fringe spacing of d = 0.33 nm for pure γ-MnO2 samples and d = 0.43 nm for 1 mol% lanthanum doped samples. The SAED diffraction rings were indexed and they clearly support the XRD results. The magnetic study discusses the paramagnetic nature of the samples and also explains the large coercive force exhibited by the lanthanum doped samples.

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Acknowledgements

The author records her thanks to the various Instrumentation facilities extended by IIT-M (SAIF), IISc., (SATF), Bangalore, Department of Nuclear Physics, Madras University and NCNSNT, Madras University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. PG and Research Department of Physics, St. Thomas College, Affiliated to Mahatma Gandhi University, Kozhencherry, 689641, Kerala, India

    Sheeba Anu Jacob

  2. Department of Physics, Loyola College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, 600034, India

    R. Ragu & S. Jerome Das

  3. Department of Physics, Loyola – ICAM College of Engineering and Technology, Loyola Campus, Chennai, 600034, India

    M. Mary Jaculine

  4. Holy Cross Degree and Inter Colleges, Alirajpet, Jagadevpur, 502281, Telangana, India

    A. Daisy

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Contributions

SAJ—conceptualization, investigation, writing original draft. RR—visualization, software validation, formal analysis. MMJ—validation. AD—validation, conceptualization. SJD—overall mentorship for this research activity.

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Correspondence to R. Ragu.

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Jacob, S.A., Ragu, R., Jaculine, M.M. et al. Exploring the consequences of lanthanum incorporation on micro-structural, nanoscale morphological and magnetic traits on manganese dioxide nanoparticles. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 33, 6856–6871 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-07863-0

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