Abstract
PbI2-based photovoltaic devices having ITO/ZnO (or WO3) /PbI2/graphite (or without graphite) /carbon black structure were fabricated by spin coating at ambient conditions. The structures were characterized using AFM, PXRD, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The best devices yielded 0.32% power conversion efficiency. The short circuit current decreased with increasing the thickness of the PbI2 film and without the graphite layer. The open circuit voltage decreased when replacing ZnO by WO3. Selecting better n-type and hole transporting materials as well as improving manufacturing methods will increase PCE of PbI2 based devices.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. Goodrich, P. Hacke, Q. Wang, B. Sopori, R. Margolis, T.L. James, M. Woodhouse, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 114, 110 (2013)
H.-S. Kim et al., Sci. Rep. 2, 591 (2012)
M.M. Lee, J. Teuscher, T. Miyasaka, T.N. Murakami, H.J. Snaith, Science 338, 643 (2012)
P.V. Kamat, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 5, 4167 (2014)
H. Zhou, Q. Chen, G. Li, S. Luo, T.-B. Song, H.-S. Duan, Z. Hong, J. You, Y. Liu, Y. Yang, Science 345, 542 (2014)
D. Liu, T.L. Kelly, Nat. Photonics 8, 133 (2014)
A. Mei et al., Science 345, 295 (2014)
Y. Jin, G. Chumanov, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 7, 12015 (2015)
T. Du, N. Wang, H. Chen, H. Lin, H. He, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 7, 3382 (2015)
B. Lei, V.O. Eze, T. Mori, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 16, 3176 (2016)
S.R. Raga, M.-C. Jung, M.V. Lee, M.R. Leyden, Y. Kato, Y. Qi, Chem. Mater. 27, 1597 (2015)
D. Wang et al., Chem. Mater. 26, 7145 (2014)
Q. Chen, H. Zhou, Z. Hong, S. Luo, H.-S. Duan, H.-H. Wang, Y. Liu, G. Li, Y. Yang, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 136, 622 (2014)
A. Naikaew, P. Prajongtat, M.C. Lux-Steiner, M. Arunchaiya, T. Dittrich, Appl. Phys. Lett. 106, 232104 (2015)
A. Dualeh, N. Tetreault, T. Moehl, P. Gao, M.K. Nazeeruddin, M. Graetzel, Adv. Funct. Mater 24, 3250 (2014)
Q. Chen, H. Zhou, T.-B. Song, S. Luo, Z. Hong, H.-S. Duan, L. Dou, Y. Liu, Y. Yang, Nano Lett. 14, 4158 (2014)
A. Calloni, A. Abate, G. Bussetti, G. Berti, R. Yivlialin, F. Ciccacci, L. Duo, J. Phys. Chem. C 119, 21329 (2015)
J. Kim, S.-H. Lee, J.H. Lee, K.-H. Hong, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 5, 1312 (2014)
T. Supasai, N. Rujisamphan, K. Ullrich, A. Chemseddine, T. Dittrich, Appl. Phys. Lett. 103, 183906 (2013)
L. Wang, C. McCleese, A. Kovalsky, Y. Zhao, C. Burda, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 136, 12205 (2014)
G.C. Papavassiliou, Prog. Solid State Chem. 25, 125 (1997)
P.D. Bloch, J.W. Hodby, T.E. Jenkins, D.W. Stacey, G. Lang, F. Levy, C. Schwab, J. Phys. C 11, 4997 (1978)
Y. Jin, G. Chumanov, Chem. Lett. 43, 1722 (2014)
W. Shockley, H.J. Queisser, J. Appl. Phys. 32, 510 (1961)
A. Martí, G.L. Araújo, Sol. Energy Mater Sol. Cells 43, 203 (1996)
E. Redel, S. Petrov, Ö. Dag, J. Moir, C. Huai, P. Mirtchev, G.A. Ozin, Small 8, 68 (2012)
B. Pecquenard, S. Castro-Garcia, J. Livage, P.Y. Zavalij, M.S. Whittingham, R. Thouvenot, Chem. Mater. 10, 1882 (1998)
Z. Wang, G. Chumanov, Adv. Mater. 15, 1285 (2003)
W. Tress, N. Marinova, T. Moehl, S.M. Zakeeruddin, M.K. Nazeeruddin, M. Gratzel, Energy Environ. Sci. 8, 995 (2015)
E.L. Unger, E.T. Hoke, C.D. Bailie, W.H. Nguyen, A.R. Bowring, T. Heumuller, M.G. Christoforo, M.D. McGehee, Energy Environ. Sci. 7, 3690 (2014)
H.-W. Chen, N. Sakai, M. Ikegami, T. Miyasaka, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 6, 164 (2015)
H.-S. Kim, N.-G. Park, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 5, 2927 (2014)
R.S. Sanchez, V. Gonzalez-Pedro, J.-W. Lee, N.-G. Park, Y.S. Kang, I. Mora-Sero, J. Bisquert, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 5, 2357 (2014)
Y. Shao, Z. Xiao, C. Bi, Y. Yuan, J. Huang, Nat. Commun. 5, 5784 (2014)
K. Wojciechowski et al., ACS Nano 8, 12701 (2014)
T. Stubhan, N. Li, N.A. Luechinger, S.C. Halim, G.J. Matt, C.J. Brabec, Adv. Energy Mater. 2, 1433 (2012)
M.C. Rao, O.M. Hussain, Res. J. Chem. Sci. 1, 76 (2011)
Y. Yang, X.W. Sun, B.J. Chen, C.X. Xu, T.P. Chen, C.Q. Sun, B.K. Tay, Z. Sun, Thin Solid Films 510, 95 (2006)
Acknowledgements
We gratefully acknowledge the support of this work through Department of Energy, Grant DE-FG02-06ER46342, and Clemson University Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jin, Y., Chumanov, G. Solution-processed planar lead iodide photovoltaic device. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 28, 9183–9189 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-017-6652-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-017-6652-9