Abstract
In this work, poly(3-alkylthiophenes) films were synthesized electrochemically in acetonitrile with LiClO4 or Et4NBF4 at 5 or 18 °C. The films were deposited on platinum plates, and the polymer as-prepared was referred to as-oxidized. The as-reduced polymer was obtained by subjecting the as-oxidized product to −1.70 V for 1 min. These various products were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, reflectance UV–Vis and Raman spectroscopy, and the results were used to estimate the ionization potential (I P), electron affinity (E.A.) and energy gap (E g) parameters. This study was possible because the Raman spectra demonstrated three structures (aromatic, radical cation and dication segments) which formed the P3MT and P3OT polymer chains.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
R. Singh, J. Kumar, R.K. Singh, A. Kaur, K.N. Sood, R.C. Rastogi, polymer 46, 9126 (2005)
I. Fuks-Janczarek, I.V. Kityk, R. Miedzinski, E. Gondek, A. Danel, M. Zagorska, Spectrochim. Acta Part A 64, 264 (2006)
S.C. Oliveira, R.M. Torresi, S.I.C. Torresi, Quim. Nova 23, 79 (2000)
W.D. Feng, Z.J. Qi, Y.M. Sun, Eur. Polym. J. 43, 3638 (2007)
D.J. Maia, M.A. de Paoli, O.L. Alves, Quim. Nova 23, 204 (2000)
M.E. Nicho, H. Hub, C. Lopez-Matab, J. Escalante, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 82, 105 (2004)
E.G. Tolstopyatova, S.N. Sazonova, V.V. Malev, V.V. Kondratiev, Electrochim. Acta 50, 1565 (2005)
G. Inzelt, M. Pineri, J.W. Schultze, M.A. Vorotyntsev, Electrochim. Acta 45, 2403 (2000)
Z.W. Sun, A.J. Frank, J. Chem. Phys. 94, 4601 (1991)
G.A. dos Reis, I.F.L. Dias, H. de Santana, J.L. Duarte, E. Laureto, E. Di Mauro, M.A.T. da Silva, Synth. Met. 161, 340 (2011)
E.M. Therézio, J.L. Duarte, E. Laureto, E. di Mauro, I.F.L. Dias, A. Marletta, H. de Santana, J. Phys. Org. Chem. 24, 640 (2011)
L. Micaroni, F.C. Nart, I.A. Hummelgen, J. Solid State Electrochem. 7, 55 (2002)
F.M. Nodari, R.L. Patyk, L.S. Roman, A.R.V. Benvenho, I.A. Hummelgen, E.K.C. Yoshikawa, J. Gruber, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 21, 1235 (2010)
G. Louarn, J. Mevellec-Y, J.P. Buisson, S. Lefrant, J. Chim. Phys. 89, 987 (1992)
H. Koizumi, H. Dougauchi, T. Ichikawa, J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 15288 (2005)
M.M. El-Nahass, M.A. Kamel, A.F. El-Deeb, A.A. Atta, S.Y. Huthaily, Spectrochim. Acta, Part A 79, 1499 (2011)
S. Janietz, D.D.C. Bradley, M. Grell, C. Giebeler, M. Inbasekaran, E.P. Woo, Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 2453 (1998)
V.V. Kondratiev, V.V. Kurdakova, N.G. Antonov, E.G. Tolstopyatova, Russ. J. Electrochem. 44, 286 (2008)
M. Mazur, Thin Solid Films 472, 1 (2005)
H. de Santana, J.R. Matos, M.L.A. Temperini, Polym. J. 30, 315 (1998)
Y. Li, Y. Cao, J. Gao, D. Wang, G. Yu, A.J. Heeger, Synth. Metals 99, 243 (1999)
M. Mbarek, B. Zaidi, K. Alimi, Spectrochim. Acta, Part A 88, 23 (2012)
G. Louarn, J. Mevellec-Y, J.P. Buisson, S. Lefrant, Synth. Metals 55, 587 (1993)
D.C. Bento, E.C.R. Maia, T.N.M. Cervantes, R.V. Fernandes, E. Di Mauro, E. Laureto, M.A.T. da Silva, J.L. Duarte, I.F.L. Dias, H. de Santana, Synth. Metals 55, 587 (2012)
T.N.M. Cervantes, D.C. Bento, E.C.R. Maia, D.A.M. Zaia, E. Laureto, M.A.T. da Silva, G.J. Moore, H. De Santana, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 23, 1916 (2012)
Acknowledgments
The work was supported by the Araucaria Foundation, processes no. 18.575 and 20.380; the CNPq, processes no. 470533/2009-9 and 301980/2011-0 and the CAPES PROGRAM/SPECIAL VISITING RESEARCHER (PVE), process no. 124/2012. Elaine and Thiago are indebted to CAPES and Araucaria Foundation for the grant of a fellowship.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
de Santana, H., Maia, E.C.R., Bento, D.C. et al. Spectroscopic study of poly(3-alkylthiophenes) electrochemically synthesized in different conditions. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 24, 3352–3358 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-013-1254-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-013-1254-7