Abstract
This paper demonstrates how the light transmitted through a stretched optical fibre may be used to detect its modes of vibration. In particular, replacing strings of a musical instrument with optical fibre allows the fabrication of a simple acoustic instrument with a single laser source and single detector. The detected signal contains rich harmonics of the vibrating fibre. This device may be used as a vibration, temperature or strain sensor, or simply as a musical instrument. Coating the optical fibre with novel materials such as PZLT may well allow a modification of vibration properties to enhance, suppress certain harmonics or lead to the development of simple electric field sensors.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
R. Kashyap, B.K. Nayar, An all single-mode fibre Michelson interferometer sensor. IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. LT-1(3), 619–624 (1983)
R. Kashyap, M.H. Reeve, Single ended fibre strain and length measurement in the frequency domain. Electron. Lett. 16(18), 689–690 (1980)
S. Hornung, R. Kashyap, M.H. Reeve, J.N. Russell, Axial strain in optical fibre cable manufacture and duct installation. IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. LT-1(2), 59–362 (1983)
R. Kashyap, S. Hornung, M.H. Reeve, S.A. Cassidy, Temperature de-sensitisation of delay in optical fibres for sensor applications. Electron. Lett. 19(24), 1039–1040 (1983)
J.M. Lopez-Higurea (ed.), Handbook for Optical Fiber Sensing Technology (Wiley and Sons, New York, 2002)
S.M. Chandani, N.A.F. Jaeger, Fiber-optic temperature sensor using evanescent fields in D fibers. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 17(12), 2706–2708 (2005)
N.Y. Fan, S. Huang, R.M. Measures, Localized long gage fiber optic strain sensors. Smart Mater. Struct. 7(2), 257–264 (1998) doi:10.1088/0964-1726/7/2/013
S.W. James, M.L. Dockney, R.P. Tatam, Simultaneous independent temperature and strain measurement using in-fibre Bragg grating sensors. Electron. Lett. 32(12), 1133–1134 (1996)
C. Haberstok, PhD Thesis, Die Holographische Modalanalyse, Technical University of Munich, 2005
M.G. Murphy, C.G. Papen, Modal noise models for optical fibers under restricted mode launch conditions. Lasers and Electro-Optics Society Annual Meeting, 1997. LEOS apos;97 10th Annual Meeting. Conference Proceedings, IEEE, vol. 2, Issue, 10–13 Nov 1997, pp. 122–123
K. Kageyama, H. Murayama, I. Ohsawa, M. Kanai, T. Motegi, K. Nagata, Y. Machijima, H. Matsumura, Development of a new fiber-optic acoustic/vibration sensor: principle, sensor performance, applicability to health monitoring and characteristic at elevated temperature, International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring 2003, Stanford University, CA, 15–17 September 2003
C.F. Garcia, R. Kashyap, in High Sensitivity Non-birefringent Mach-Zender Interferometer for Sensing UV Induced Refractive Index Change Using a Unique Short Bi-moded Optical Fibre, ed. by T. Erdogan, E.J. Friebele, R. Kashyap. OSA Trends in Optical Photonics, Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity, Poling in Glass Waveguides. The Optical Society of America, vol. 33 (2000), pp. 54–50
F.C. Garcia, M. Fokine, W. Margulis, R. Kashyap, Mach-Zehnder interferometer using single standard telecommunication optical fibre. Electron. Lett. 37(24), 1440–1442 (2001)
A. Kumar, N.K. Goel, R.K. Varshney, Studies on a few-mode fiber-optic strain sensor based on LP01–LP02 mode interference. IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 19(3), 58–362 (2001)
O. Wang, G. Farrell, All-fiber multimode-interference-based refractometer sensor: proposal and design. Optics Lett. 31(3), 317–319 (2006)
J. Ian, Measured Tones (IOP Publishing Ltd, Adam Hilger, Bristol, England, 1989), p. 114
R. Kashyap, P. Pantelis, Optical fibre absorption loss measurement using a pyroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride) tube. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 18, 709–1721 (1985)
Acknowledgements
Canada Research Chairs program of the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada is acknowledged by RK for research support and Hannah Kashyap is acknowledged for inspiration.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fotsing-Djouwe, I.C., Gagné, M., Laurin, JJ. et al. Optical fibre musical instruments: making sense of the senseless. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 20 (Suppl 1), 170–174 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-007-9499-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-007-9499-7