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Optical bistability of graphene in PT−symmetric Thue–Morse photonic crystals

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Abstract

Optical bistability effect is investigated in a complex system composed of graphene and Thue–Morse photonic crystals (PCs). The Thue–Morse PCs submitted to parity-time−symmetry (PT−symmetry) are stacked alternatively with two dielectric slabs according to Thue–Morse sequence. Optical fractal states and the exceptional points (EPs) induced by the Thue–Morse PCs could greatly localize the electric fields. The optical third-order nonlinear effect of graphene has been enhanced by the strong local electric fields and subsequently, low-threshold optical bistability is achieved. The EPs splitting and the thresholds of optical bistability can be further decreased by modulating the gain−loss factor of dielectrics in the PT−symmetry. Otherwise, the optical bistable performance could be improved by the chemical potential of graphene as well. The study may have potential applications in all-optical switches.

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Funding

This study was funded by the Scientific Research Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (51975542); the Scientific Research Project of Hubei University of Science and Technology (2021-22X21).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Information Center, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China

    Haihong Xu

  2. School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China

    Zhongli Qin, Fangmei Liu, Dong Zhong, Hao Ni & Fanghua Liu

  3. Optical Electromechanical and Intelligent Manufacturing Laboratory, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China

    Zhongli Qin, Fangmei Liu, Dong Zhong, Hao Ni & Fanghua Liu

Authors
  1. Haihong Xu
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  2. Zhongli Qin
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  3. Fangmei Liu
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  4. Dong Zhong
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  5. Hao Ni
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  6. Fanghua Liu
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Correspondence to Fanghua Liu.

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Xu, H., Qin, Z., Liu, F. et al. Optical bistability of graphene in PT−symmetric Thue–Morse photonic crystals. J Mater Sci 57, 6524–6535 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-022-07038-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-022-07038-6

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