Skip to main content
Log in

The Very Early Autism Phenotype

  • Editorial Preface
  • Published:
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Notes

  1. In this paper, we use the term ASD to collectively refer to children meeting criteria for Autistic Disorder and Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified. When a distinction between these conditions is important, the specific term is used.

References

  • Bailey, A., Palferman, S., Heavey, L., & Le-Couteur, A. (1998). Autism: The phenotype in relatives. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 28, 369–392.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bolton, P., Macdonald, H., Pickles, A., Rios, P., Goode, S., Crowson, M., Bailey, A., & Rutter, M. (1994). A case-control family history study of autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 35, 877–900.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bryson, S. E., Zwaigenbaum, L., Brian, J., Roberts, W., Szatmari, P., Rombough, V., & McDermott, C. (2007). A prospective case series of high-risk infants who developed autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, doi: 10.1007/s10803-006-0328-2.

  • Carter, A. S., Black, D., Tewani, S., Connolly, C., Kadlec, M. B., & Tager-Flusberg, H. (2007). Sex differences in toddlers with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, doi: 10.1007/s10803-006-0331-7.

  • Cassel, T. D., Messinger, D. S., Ibanez, L. V., Haltigan, J. D., Acosta, S. I., & Buchman, A. C. (2007). Early social and emotional communication in the infant siblings of children with autism spectrum disorders: An examination of the broad phenotype. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, doi: 10.1007/s10803-006-0337-1.

  • Charman, T., Taylor, E., Drew, A., Cockerill, H., Brown, J., & Baird, G. (2005). Outcome at 7 years of children diagnosed with autism at age 2: Predictive validity of assessments conducted at 2 and 3 years of age and pattern of symptom change over time. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46, 500–513.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chawarska, K., Klin, A., & Volkmar, F. (Eds.). (In press). Autism Spectrum Disorders in Young Children. N.Y.: Guilford Press.

  • Chawarska, K., Paul, R., Klin, A., Hannigen, S., Dichtel, L. E., & Volkmar, F. (2007). Parental recognition of developmental problems in toddlers with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, doi: 10.1007/s10803-006-0330-8.

  • Chen, D. T., Miller, F. G., & Rosenstein, D. L. (2003). Ethical aspects of research into the etiology of autism. Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 9, 48–53.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Constantino, J. N., Lajonchere, C., Luts. M., Gray, T., Abbacchi, A., Mckenna, K., Singh, D., & Todd, R. D. (2006). Autistic social impairment in the siblings of children with pervasive developmental disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 163, 294–296.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dawson, G., Osterling, J., Meltzoff, A. N., & Kuhl, P. (2000). Case study of the development of an infant with autism from birth to two years of age. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 21, 299–313.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dietz, C., Swinkels, S., van Daalen, E., van Engeland, H., & Buitelaar, J. K. (2006). Screening for autistic spectrum disorder in children aged 14–15 months. II: Population screening with the Early Screening of Autistic Traits questionnaire (ESAT). Design and general findings. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36, 713–722.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eaves, L. C., & Ho, H. H. (2004). The very early identification of autism: Outcome to age 4½–5. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34, 367–378.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gamliel, I., Yirmiya, N., & Sigman, M. (2007). The development of young siblings of children with autism from 4 to 54 months. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, doi: 10.1007/s10803-006-0341-5.

  • Gottesman, I., & Gould, T. D. (2003). The endophenotype concept in psychiatry: Etymology and strategic intentions. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 636–645.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen, R. L., Ozonoff, S., Krakowiak, P., Jones, C., Deprey, L., Croen, L. A., & Hertz-Picciotto, I. (under review). Regression in autism: Definitions and prevalence in the CHARGE study.

  • Iverson, J. M., & Wozniak, R. H. (2007). Variation in vocal-motor development in infant siblings of children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, doi: 10.1007/s10803-006-0339-z.

  • Kanner, L. (1943). Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Nervous Child, 217–250.

  • Klin, A., Chawarska, K., Paul, R., Rubin, E., Morgan, T., Wiesner, L., & Volkmar, F. (2004). Autism in a 15-month-old child. American Journal of Psychiatry, 161, 1981–1988.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Loh, A., Soman, T., Brian, J., Bryson, S. E., Roberts, W., Szatmari, P., Smith, I. M., & Zwaigenbaum, L. (2007). Stereotyped motor behaviors associated with autism in high-risk infants: A pilot videotape analysis of a sibling sample. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, doi: 10.1007/s10803-006-0333-5.

  • Lord, C. (1995). Follow-up of two-year-olds referred for possible autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 36, 1365–1382.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McMahon, W. M., Baty, B. J., & Botkin, J. (2006). Genetic counseling and ethical issues for autism. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C: Seminars in Medical Genetics, 142C, 52–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Merin, N., Young, G. S., Ozonoff, S., & Rogers, S. J. (2007). Visual fixation patterns during reciprocal social interaction distinguish a subgroup of 6-month-old infants at-risk for autism from comparison infants. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, doi: 10.1007/s10803-006-0342-4.

  • Moore, V., & Goodson, S. (2003). How well does early diagnosis of autism stand the test of time? Follow-up study of children assessed for autism at age 2 and development of an early diagnostic service. Autism, 7, 47–63.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mundy, P., Hogan, A., & Doehring, P. (1996). A preliminary manual for the abridged Early Social-Communication Scales. From www.psy.miami.edu/faculty/pmundy.

  • Pickles, A., Bolton, P., Macdonald, H., Bailey, A., Le Couteur, A., Sim, C. H., & Rutter, M. (1995). Latent-class analysis of recurrence risks for complex phenotypes with selection and measurement error: A twin and family history study of autism. American Journal of Human Genetics, 57, 717–726.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Piven, J. (2001). The broad autism phenotype: A complementary strategy for molecular genetic studies of autism. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 105, 34–35.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Presmanes, A. G., Walden, T. A., Stone, W. L., & Yoder, P. J. (2007). Effects of different attentional cues on responding to joint attention in younger siblings of children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, doi: 10.1007/s10803-006-0338-0.

  • Richler, J., Bishop, S. L., Kleinke, J. R., & Lord, C. (2007). Restricted and repetitive behaviors in young children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, doi: 10.1007/s10803-006-0332-6.

  • Sigman, M., & Ruskin, E. (1999). Continuity and change in the social competence of children with autism, down syndrome, and developmental delays. Monographs of the Society of Research in Child Development, 64, v–114.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Siperstein, R., & Volkmar, F. (2004). Brief report: Parental reporting of regression in children with pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34, 731–734.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stone, W. L., Lee, E. B., Ashford, L., Brissie, J., Hepburn, S. L., Coonrod, E. E., & Weiss, B. H. (1999). Can autism be diagnosed accurately in children under 3 years? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40, 219–226.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sullivan, M., Finelli, J., Marvin, A., Garrett-Mayer, E., Bauman, M., & Landa, R. (2007). Response to joint attention in toddlers at risk for autism spectrum disorder: A prospective study. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, doi: 10.1007/s10803-006-0335-3.

  • Sutera, S., Pandey, J., Esser, E. L., Rosenthal, M. A., Wilson, L. B., Barton, M., Green, J., Hodgson, S., Robins, D. L., Dumont-Mathieu, T., & Fein, D. (2007). Predictors of optimal outcome in toddlers diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, doi: 10.1007/s10803-006-0340-6.

  • Swinkels, S.H. N., Dietz, C., van Daalen, E., Kerkhof, I. H.G. M., van Engeland, H., & Buitelaar, J. K. (2006). Screening for autistic spectrum disorder in children aged 14–15 months. I: Development of the early screening of autistic traits questionnaire (ESAT). Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36, 723–732.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Toth, K., Dawson, G., Meltzoff, A. N., Greenson, J., & Fein, D. (2007). Early social, imitation, play, and language abilities of young non-autistic siblings of children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, doi: 10.1007/s10803-006-0336-2.

  • Wassink, T. H., Piven, J., & Patil, S. R. (2001). Chromosomal abnormalities in a clinic sample of individuals with autistic disorder. Psychiatric Genetics, 11, 57–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Watson, L. R., Baranek, G. T., Crais, E. R., Reznick, J. S., Dykstra, J., & Perryman, T. (2007). The first year inventory: retrospective parent responses to a questionnaire designed to identify one-year-olds at risk for autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, doi: 10.1007/s10803-006-0334-4.

  • Yirmiya, N., Gamliel, I., Pilowsky, T., Feldman, R., Baron-Cohen, S., & Sigman, M. (2006). The development of siblings of children with autism at 4 and 14 months: Social engagement, communication, and cognition. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47, 511–523.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yirmiya, N., Gamliel, I., Shaked, M., & Sigman, M. (2006). Cognitive and verbal abilities of 24- to 36-month-old siblings of children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, doi: 10.1007/s10803-006-0163-5.

  • Zwaigenbaum, L., Bryson, S., Rogers, T., Roberts, W., Brian, J., & Szatmari, P. (2005). Behavioral manifestations of autism in the first year of life. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, 23, 143–152.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zwaigenbaum, L., Thurm, A., Stone, W., Baranek, G., Bryson, S., Iverson, J., Kau, A., Klin, A., Lord, C., Landa, B., Rogers, S., & Sigman, M. (2006). Studying the emergence of autism spectrum disorders in high-risk infants: Methodological and practical issues. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, doi: 10.1007/s10803-006-0179-x.

Download references

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Alice Kau, Ph.D., of the National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, Andrew Shih, Ph.D., of Autism Speaks, and members of the Baby Siblings Research Consortium, who participated actively in the networking that made this special issue possible. We also thank Gary Mesibov, Ph.D., and Kathie Barron for sharing the vision of this special issue with us.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nurit Yirmiya.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Yirmiya, N., Ozonoff, S. The Very Early Autism Phenotype. J Autism Dev Disord 37, 1–11 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0329-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0329-1

Keywords

Navigation