Surgical intervention for paediatric blepharoptosis: a 6-year case series

Abstract

Purpose

To present our experience of paediatric blepharoptosis in a tertiary referral centre and evaluate the effectiveness of surgical intervention.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study of all children receiving surgical blepharoptosis correction between 1/1/10 and 29/2/16. Children with pre-operative levator function (LF) ≥ 7 mm received levator resection, those with LF ≤ 4 mm received brow suspension, and in those children with LF of 5–6 mm, either levator resection or brow suspension was chosen depending on the degree of frontalis recruitment.

Results

Ninety-five children (109 eyes, 64 boys) underwent blepharoptosis surgery within the study period. Mean (range) age at surgery was 5.9 (1.2–12.5) years. Seventy-nine (83.2%) had simple levator maldevelopment. Fifteen children were excluded due to inadequate follow-up. Of the remaining 80 children, 41 (51.2%) underwent levator resection, 27 (33.8%) underwent fascia lata brow suspension, and twelve (15.0%) underwent mersilene mesh brow suspension. Margin reflex distance-1 was greatest at 6-week follow-up with a small “lid drop” by 6-month follow-up in both the levator resection (0.9 mm pre-operatively, 3.1 mm at 6-week follow-up, 2.6 mm at 6-month follow-up) and fascia lata brow suspension (0.3 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.2 mm) groups. No immediate complications, and only two serious post-operative complications, were noted. One case of residual blepharoptosis was re-operated (fascia lata brow suspension).

Conclusions

Surgical correction of paediatric blepharoptosis is safe and, after an observed lid drop between 6-week and 6-month follow-up (not seen in the mersilene mesh brow suspension group), effect appears to be maintained to 6 months and beyond. Readily accessible orthoptic assessment would help identify children at risk of amblyopia, both pre-operatively and post-operatively.