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The effects of pomegranate consumption on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Background

Several studies have shown the effects of pomegranate on oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers, while some studies showed no effects of pomegranate on these biomarkers. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effects of pomegranate consumption on C-reactive protein (CRP), interlukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in adults.

Methods

A systematic literature search was performed using databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, up to May 2023 to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Heterogeneity tests of the included trials were performed using the I2 statistic. Random effects models were assessed based on the heterogeneity tests, and pooled data were determined as the weighted mean difference with a 95% confidence interval.

Results

Of 3811 records, 33 eligible RCTs were included in the current study. Our meta-analysis of the pooled findings showed that pomegranate consumption significantly reduced CRP (WMD: −0.50 mg/l; 95% CI −0.79 to −0.20; p = 0.001), IL-6 (WMD: −1.24 ng/L 95% CI −1.95 to −0.54; p = 0.001), TNF-α (WMD: −1.96 pg/ml 95%CI −2.75 to −1.18; p < 0.001), and MDA (WMD: −0.34 nmol/ml 95%CI −0.42 to −0.25; p < 0.001). Pooled analysis of 13 trials revealed that pomegranate consumption led to a significant increase in TAC (WMD: 0.26 mmol/L 95%CI 0.03 to 0.49; p = 0.025).

Conclusion

Overall, the results demonstrated that pomegranate consumption has beneficial effects on oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in adults. Therefore, pomegranate can be consumed as an effective dietary approach to attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with cardiovascular diseases.

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CRD42023406684

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Data availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Hossein Bahari

  2. College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada

    Hossein Rafiei & Kosar Omidian

  3. Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran

    Kian Goudarzi

  4. Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Omid Asbaghi

  5. Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Omid Asbaghi

  6. Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran

    Kosar Sadat Hosseini Kolbadi

  7. Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Moslem Naderian & Ali Hosseini

  8. Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran

    Moslem Naderian

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  1. Hossein Bahari
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  2. Hossein Rafiei
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  4. Kosar Omidian
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Contributions

OA and HB Conceived and designed the research. HB and KSHK performed screening and data extraction. MN and AH analyzed data. HR, KG, and KO drafted the manuscript. MN and AH revised the manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Moslem Naderian or Ali Hosseini.

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Bahari, H., Rafiei, H., Goudarzi, K. et al. The effects of pomegranate consumption on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Inflammopharmacol 31, 2283–2301 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-023-01294-x

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