Skip to main content
Log in

THz ATR Spectroscopy for Inline Monitoring of Highly Absorbing Liquids

  • Published:
Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We present a THz attenuated total reflection (ATR) setup which allows for inline measurements of highly absorbing liquids. As a proof of principle, we investigate a mixture of water and ground calcium carbonate (GCC) from 5 to 40 wt%. Inline measurements prove that our THz ATR setup allows for the distinction of various concentrations. As an example, we show inline THz ATR measurements for 30 to 40 wt% for GCC watery solution, as this concentration range is of technical relevance. We obtain a sensitivity better than 2 wt%.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. J. E. Kogel, Industrial minerals & rocks: commodities, markets, and uses, vol. 44, no. 03. SME, 2006.

  2. D. Grischkowsky, S. Keiding, M. Van Exter, and C. Fattinger, “Far-infrared time-domain spectroscopy with terahertz beams of dielectrics and semiconductors,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, vol. 7, no. 10, p. 2006, Oct. 1990.

  3. P. U. Jepsen, D. G. Cooke, and M. Koch, “Terahertz spectroscopy and imaging - Modern techniques and applications,” Laser Photon. Rev., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 124–166, Jan. 2011.

  4. C. Jördens and M. Koch, “Detection of foreign bodies in chocolate with pulsed terahertz spectroscopy,” Opt. Eng., vol. 47, no. 3, p. 037003, Mar. 2008.

  5. S. F. Busch, T. Probst, L. Duschek, R. Wilk, M. Voitsch, F. Fender, S. Lubbecke, G. Gartner, V. P. Wallace, and M. Koch, “Inline monitoring of paper thickness in an industrial setting,” in 2013 38th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz), 2013, pp. 1–2.

  6. S. Krimi, J. Klier, M. Herrmann, J. Jonuscheit, and R. Beigang, “Inline multilayer thickness sensing by using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in reflection geometry,” in 2013 38th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz), 2013, pp. 1–2.

  7. O. Peters, M. Schwerdtfeger, S. Wietzke, S. Sostmann, R. Scheunemann, R. Wilk, R. Holzwarth, M. Koch, and B. M. Fischer, “Terahertz spectroscopy for rubber production testing,” Polym. Test., vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 932–936, Aug. 2013.

  8. D. Banerjee, W. von Spiegel, M. D. Thomson, S. Schabel, and H. G. Roskos, “Diagnosing water content in paper by terahertz radiation.,” Opt. Express, vol. 16, no. 12, pp. 9060–9066, 2008.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. P. Mousavi, F. Haran, D. Jez, F. Santosa, and J. S. Dodge, “Simultaneous composition and thickness measurement of paper using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy,” Appl. Opt., vol. 48, no. 33, pp. 6541–6546, Nov. 2009.

  10. P. U. Jepsen, U. Møller, and H. Merbold, “Investigation of aqueous alcohol and sugar solutions with reflection terahertz time-domain spectroscopy.,” Opt. Express, vol. 15, no. 22, pp. 14717–14737, Oct. 2007.

  11. P. U. Jepsen, J. K. Jensen, and U. Møller, “Characterization of aqueous alcohol solutions in bottles with THz reflection spectroscopy,” Opt. Express, vol. 16, no. 13, p. 9318, Jun. 2008.

  12. U. Møller, D. G. Cooke, K. Tanaka, and P. U. Jepsen, “Terahertz reflection spectroscopy of Debye relaxation in polar liquids [Invited],” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, vol. 26, no. 9, p. A113, Sep. 2009.

  13. H. Hirori, K. Yamashita, M. Nagai, and K. Tanaka, “Attenuated Total Reflection Spectroscopy in Time Domain Using Terahertz Coherent Pulses,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., vol. 43, no. No. 10A, pp. L1287–L1289, Sep. 2004.

  14. N. J. Harrick and A. I. Carlson, “Internal Reflection Spectroscopy: Validity of Effective Thickness Equations,” Appl. Opt., vol. 10, no. 1, p. 19, Jan. 1971.

  15. H. Yada, M. Nagai, and K. Tanaka, “The intermolecular stretching vibration mode in water isotopes investigated with broadband terahertz time-domain spectroscopy,” Chem. Phys. Lett., vol. 473, no. 4–6, pp. 279–283, May 2009.

  16. M. Nagai, H. Yada, T. Arikawa, and K. Tanaka, “Terahertz time-domain attenuated total reflection spectroscopy in water and biological solution,” Int. J. Infrared Millimeter Waves, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 505–515, Feb. 2007.

  17. A. Soltani, D. Jahn, L. Duschek, E. Castro-Camus, M. Koch, and W. Withayachumnankul, “Attenuated total reflection terahertz time-domain spectroscopy: uncertainty analysis and reduction scheme,” IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol., 2015.

  18. A. Soltani, T. Probst, S. F. Busch, M. Schwerdtfeger, E. Castro-Camus, and M. Koch, “Error from Delay Drift in Terahertz Attenuated Total Reflection Spectroscopy,” J. Infrared, Millimeter, Terahertz Waves, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 468–477, Mar. 2014.

  19. C. Ro̸nne, L. Thrane, P.-O. Åstrand, A. Wallqvist, K. V Mikkelsen, and S. R. Keiding, “Investigation of the temperature dependence of dielectric relaxation in liquid water by THz reflection spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation,” J. Chem. Phys., vol. 107, no. 14, p. 5319, 1997.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Amin Soltani.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Soltani, A., Busch, S.F., Plew, P. et al. THz ATR Spectroscopy for Inline Monitoring of Highly Absorbing Liquids. J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves 37, 1001–1006 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10762-016-0285-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10762-016-0285-6

Keywords

Navigation