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Molecular testing of the São Francisco River as an ecological filter for the Brazilian large-eyed stingray Hypanus marianae (Dasyatidae, Myliobatiformes)

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Abstract

Ecological niche modeling (ENM) provides information on the potential environmental barriers to a species that can be tested in phylogeographic studies. A previous ENM analysis of the benthic coastal stingray Hypanus marianae revealed a low suitability area for its occurrence at the São Francisco River (SFR) mouth, the fourth largest river flowing into Southwestern Atlantic. Hence, phylogeographic analyses were used to test the hypothesis of two populations: one north and another south of SFR outflow. We sampled 109 specimens in six localities throughout the species’ geographic distribution and sequenced mitochondrial (cytb) and nuclear (rag1) markers. Our analyses corroborated the existence of two groups (ΦST = 0.68, P < 0.0001) within H. marianae, partially agreeing with the ENM results. The commonest mitochondrial haplotype (H2) was shared among almost all localities, except Salvador, where all individuals shared the same and unique haplotype. This group is restricted to a shallow bay area close to SFR, as predicted by the ENM. However, its plume was not effective in isolating a continental island 55 km off the Brazilian coast. While the broad north group is protected in a few Marine Protected Areas, our results suggest that the restricted southern one deserves to be managed specifically.

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Data availability

The cytb and rag1 sequences have been submitted to the GenBank databases under accession number MZ301320–MZ301428 and MZ301429–MZ301444, respectively.

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Acknowledgements

We thank everyone who contributed directly and indirectly, in the laboratories and in the field, especially the team from the Laboratório de Ictiologia Sistemática e Evolutiva (LISE/UFRN) and Laboratório do Oceano (LOC/UFRN), for so many hours of interaction and learning, as well as all the fishermen who contributed to the capture of specimens throughout the northeastern Brazil. In particular, we need to thank C.L.S. Sampaio (UFAL), R.P.T. Lessa, and M.L. Araújo for making the Laboratório de Dinâmica de Populações Marinhas (DIMAR/UFRPE) a logistic support; M.B.S. Barbosa (PARNAMAR Abrolhos) for the help in the fieldtrip; F. Buloto, for making the expedition to Abrolhos feasible, receiving the field team at his house; T.S. Leite (UFSC) e F.D. Lima for the partnership and all contributions throughout the work through the Projeto Ciências do Mar II (23038.004807/2014-01). We would also like to sincerely thank both anonymous reviewers and the editor, Cécile Fauvelot, for their time and constructive comments in improving this manuscript. This study is part of the Ph.D. Thesis of T.L.A.C. at the Graduate Program of Ecology at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte.

Funding

T.L.A. Costa, F.F. Petean, and W.M. Berbel-Filho received financial support from CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Award Number 001). S.M.Q. Lima and A.M. Solé-Cava receive CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico) Research Productivity Grants (313644/2018-7 and 303300/2019-1, respectively).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Ictiologia Sistemática e Evolutiva, Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Natal, RN, 59077-000, Brazil

    Tiego L. A. Costa, Flávia F. Petean, Waldir M. Berbel-Filho & Sergio M. Q. Lima

  2. Laboratório do Oceano, Departamento de Ecologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Natal, RN, 59077-000, Brazil

    Tiego L. A. Costa & Liana F. Mendes

  3. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Natal, RN, 59077-000, Brazil

    Tiego L. A. Costa

  4. Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Avda. Intendente Marino, Km 8.2, 7130, Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Flávia F. Petean

  5. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemática e Evolução, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Natal, RN, 59077-000, Brazil

    Flávia F. Petean & Waldir M. Berbel-Filho

  6. Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-490, Brazil

    Antonio M. Solé-Cava

Authors
  1. Tiego L. A. Costa
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  2. Flávia F. Petean
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  3. Waldir M. Berbel-Filho
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  4. Antonio M. Solé-Cava
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  5. Liana F. Mendes
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  6. Sergio M. Q. Lima
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Flávia F. Petean.

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Costa, T.L.A., Petean, F.F., Berbel-Filho, W.M. et al. Molecular testing of the São Francisco River as an ecological filter for the Brazilian large-eyed stingray Hypanus marianae (Dasyatidae, Myliobatiformes). Hydrobiologia 849, 2435–2448 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-022-04828-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-022-04828-6

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