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Endogenous hormone profiles during early seed development of C. arietinum and C. anatolicum

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Abstract

Cicer anatolicum, a perennial species, has ascochyta blight resistance superior to that found in the cultivated chickpea. However, hybridization barriers during early stages of embryo development curtail access to this trait. Since hormones play an essential role in early embryo development, we have determined the hormone profiles of 4-, 8-, and 12-day old seeds from a Canadian chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cv. CDC Xena, from Indian cvs. Swetha and Bharati, and from a perennial accession of C. anatolicum (PI 383626). Indole-3-acetic acid content peaked on day 4 in CDC Xena, on day 8 in both Indian cultivars but only on day 12 in C. anatolicum. The cytokinins, isopentenyladenosine (iPA) and trans zeatin riboside (tZR) were predominant in CDC Xena and Swetha seeds on day 4, whereas cis zeatin riboside was the major component in Bharati. In C. anatolicum, iPA maxed out on day 4 and tZR on day 12. The bioactive gibberellin GA1 spiked on day 4 in CDC Xena and Bharati, on day 8 in Swetha but only on day 12 in C. anatolicum. Eight-day old seeds had the highest abscisic acid content in the cultivars but spiked on day 12 in the perennial species. The hormone profiles of the perennial species showed delayed spikes in all four hormone groups indicating that there is a mismatch in the hormone requirements of the different embryos. Improving synchronization of early seed hormone profiles of cultivated and perennial chickpea should improve interspecific hybrid production.

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Abbreviations

ABA:

Abscisic acid

ABA-GE:

ABA-glucose ester

7′OH-ABA:

7′-Hydroxy-ABA

DAA:

Days after anthesis

DPA:

Dihydrophaseic acid

GA1–53 :

Gibberellins 1–53

IAA:

Indole-3-acetic acid

IAA-Ala:

N-(indole-3-yl-acetyl)-alanine

IAA-Asp:

N-(indole-3-yl-acetyl)-aspartic acid

IAA-Glu:

N-(indole-3-yl-acetyl)-glutamic acid

IAA-Leu:

N-(indole-3-yl-acetyl)-leucine

2iP:

Isopentenyladenine

iPA:

Isopentenyladenosine

PA:

Phaseic acid

Z:

Zeatin

ZOG:

Zeatin-O-glucoside

dhZ:

Dihydro-zeatin

ZR:

Zeatin riboside

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Acknowledgments

Financial support for this project was provided by the Saskatchewan Pulse Growers Association. Many thanks to C. Coyne and F. Muehlbauer from USDA (USA) for providing the wild Cicer seeds and to N. Mallikarjuna and P. Gaur from ICRISAT (India) for providing the seeds from the Indian cultivars. We also wish to thank T. Ament, J. Chow, R. Grewal, S. B. Mudiyanselage, S. Tschirren and J. Walsh for their endless hours of dissection. We also thank V. Cekic and M. Lafond (NRCC SK) for hormone profiling sample preparation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Crop Development Centre (CDC), University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada

    Monika M. Lulsdorf, Hai Ying Yuan, Susan M. H. Slater & Albert Vandenberg

  2. National Research Council of Canada Saskatoon (NRCC-SK), 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada

    Xiumei Han & L. Irina Zaharia

  3. Saskatchewan Structural Science Centre (SSSC), 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5C9, Canada

    Suzanne R. Abrams

Authors
  1. Monika M. Lulsdorf
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  2. Hai Ying Yuan
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  3. Susan M. H. Slater
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  4. Albert Vandenberg
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  5. Xiumei Han
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  6. L. Irina Zaharia
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Correspondence to Monika M. Lulsdorf.

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Lulsdorf, M.M., Yuan, H.Y., Slater, S.M.H. et al. Endogenous hormone profiles during early seed development of C. arietinum and C. anatolicum . Plant Growth Regul 71, 191–198 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-013-9819-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-013-9819-2

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