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Modulation of antioxidant defense and immune response in zebra fish (Danio rerio) using dietary sodium propionate

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Abstract

The present study explores the effect of dietary sodium propionate on mucosal immune response and expression of antioxidant enzyme genes in zebra fish (Danio rerio). Six hundred healthy zebra fish (0.42 ± 0.06 g) supplied, randomly stocked in 12 aquariums and fed on basal diets supplemented with different levels of sodium propionate [0 (control), 5, 10 and 20 g kg−1] for 8 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, mucosal immune parameters (TNF-α, IL-1β, Lyz), antioxidant enzyme (SOD, CAT) as well as heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) gene expression were measured. The results revealed feeding on sodium propionate significantly up-regulated inflammatory response genes (TNF-α, IL-1β, Lyz) in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). However, antioxidant enzyme genes significantly down-regulated in the treated group compared with control (P < 0.05). Also, HSP70 gene expression was higher in the liver of fish fed the basal diet and deceased with elevation of sodium propionate levels in the diet. These results showed beneficial effects of dietary sodium propionate on mucosal immune response as well as the antioxidant defense of zebra fish.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the staff at Aquaculture Lab of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources for their kind helps during the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran

    Roghieh Safari, Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar & Morteza Kavandi

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  1. Roghieh Safari
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  2. Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
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  3. Morteza Kavandi
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Correspondence to Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar.

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Safari, R., Hoseinifar, S.H. & Kavandi, M. Modulation of antioxidant defense and immune response in zebra fish (Danio rerio) using dietary sodium propionate. Fish Physiol Biochem 42, 1733–1739 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-016-0253-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-016-0253-z

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