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Stream ecosystem puzzle: understanding how water column and sediment variables shape macroinvertebrate patterns in some Afrotropical streams

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Abstract

Although the interaction of water column and sediment variables in streams is intricate, minimal studies have been conducted on how they influence macroinvertebrate community patterns. This study, therefore, aimed to evaluate the influence of water column and sediment variables on macroinvertebrate community patterns in selected Afrotropical streams. Spatiotemporal scales of water column and sediment variables were analysed following standard methods while macroinvertebrates were sampled using the kick sampling technique. Redundancy analysis (RDA) and variation partitioning were used to assess the relationship of macroinvertebrates with water column and sediment variables. Significant differences were observed between seasons amongst water column variables such as total dissolved solids (p=0.046), turbidity (p=0.027), dissolved oxygen (p=0.011), chemical oxygen demand (p=0.002), bank vegetation (p=0.013), velocity (p=0.04), phosphates (p=0.031), and sediment variables such as total organic matter (p=0.01), pH (p=0.024), electrical conductivity (p=0.014). This accounted for the shift in biotic communities across the two seasons. In the studied area and seasons, Baetidae, Chironomidae, and Thiaridae were the most abundant families of macroinvertebrates representing 21.5%, 17.8%, and 6.9% of the 5266 recorded individuals belonging to 68 families. The water column was the most important predictor of macroinvertebrate community patterns (57%) compared to sediments (35%). Therefore, the use of both water column and sediment variables in ecological studies and biomonitoring should be emphasised because the two compartments provide complementary information. This enables researchers to gain a more complete understanding of the ecological health of aquatic habitats, useful in the development of effective management strategies.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request

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Funding

This work was supported by the African Water Resources Mobility Network (AWaRMN) Grant No. 2019-973/004-001, which has received funding from the Intra-African Academic Mobility Scheme of the European Union.

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  1. Applied Hydrobiology Unit, Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Technology Minna, P.M.B, Minna, Niger State, 65, Nigeria

    Simon Action, Francis O. Arimoro, Fulbert A. G. J. Assie, Diana Nantege, Gilbert Ndatimana & Unique N. Keke

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All authors have contributed to the drafting and revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content as well as approving the final article. Specific contributions are detailed below: S.A.: conceptualization, data collection, data analysis. F.O.A.: validation of data, interpretation of data, project administration, supervision. F.A.G.J.A.: data collection, data analysis, visualization. D.N.: data collection, interpretation of data. G.N.: data collection, interpretation of data. U.N.K.: conceptualization, methodology design.

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Action, S., Arimoro, F.O., Assie, F.A.G.J. et al. Stream ecosystem puzzle: understanding how water column and sediment variables shape macroinvertebrate patterns in some Afrotropical streams. Environ Monit Assess 196, 172 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-024-12319-5

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