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Interaction of PM2.5 airborne particulates with ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles and their effect on bacteria

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Abstract

A significant knowledge gap in nanotechnology is the absence of standardized protocols for examining and comparison the effect of metal oxide nanoparticles on different environment media. Despite the large number of studies on ecotoxicity of nanoparticles, most of them disregard the particles physicochemical transformation under real exposure conditions and interaction with different environmental components like air, soil, water, etc. While one of the main exposure ways is inhalation and/or atmosphere for human and environment, there is no investigation between airborne particulates and nanoparticles. In this study, some metal oxide nanoparticle (ZnO and TiO2) transformation and behavior in PM2.5 air particulate media were examined and evaluated by the influence on nanoparticle physicochemical properties (size, surface charge, surface functionalization) and on bacterium (Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus/Gram-negative Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria) by testing in various concentrations of PM2.5 airborne particulate media to contribute to their environmental hazard and risk assessment in atmosphere. PM2.5 airborne particulate media affected their toxicity and physicochemical properties when compared the results obtained in controlled conditions. ZnO and TiO2 surfaces were functionalized mainly with sulfoxide groups in PM2.5 air particulates. In addition, tested particles were not observed to be toxic in controlled conditions. However, these were observed inhibition in PM2.5 airborne particulates media by the exposure concentration. These observations and dependence of the bacteria viability ratio explain the importance of particulate matter-nanoparticle interaction.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to express their thanks to Prof. Dr. Suleyman Akman, Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Science and Letters, Chemistry Dept. for airborne particulate samples; Assoc. Prof. Dr. Filiz Altay, Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering dept.; Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mustafa Kumral Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Mines, Geological Engineering dept.; and Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mustafa Ozyurek, Istanbul University, Engineering Faculty, Chemistry Dept., for the instrumentation of DLS, XRF, and FTIR analysis.

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  1. Health Services Vocational School of Higher Education, T.C. Istanbul Aydin University, Sefakoy Kucukcekmece, 34295, Istanbul, Turkey

    Asli Baysal & Gul Sirin Ustabasi

  2. Application and Research Center for Advanced Studies, T.C. Istanbul Aydin University, Sefakoy Kucukcekmece, 34295, Istanbul, Turkey

    Hasan Saygin

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  1. Asli Baysal
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Correspondence to Asli Baysal.

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Baysal, A., Saygin, H. & Ustabasi, G.S. Interaction of PM2.5 airborne particulates with ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles and their effect on bacteria. Environ Monit Assess 190, 34 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-017-6408-2

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