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Adult height and head and neck cancer: a pooled analysis within the INHANCE Consortium

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Abstract

Several epidemiological studies have shown a positive association between adult height and cancer incidence. The only study conducted among women on mouth and pharynx cancer risk, however, reported an inverse association. This study aims to investigate the association between height and the risk of head and neck cancer (HNC) within a large international consortium of HNC. We analyzed pooled individual-level data from 24 case–control studies participating in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated separately for men and women for associations between height and HNC risk. Educational level, tobacco smoking, and alcohol consumption were included in all regression models. Stratified analyses by HNC subsites were performed. This project included 17,666 cases and 28,198 controls. We found an inverse association between height and HNC (adjusted OR per 10 cm height = 0.91, 95 % CI 0.86–0.95 for men; adjusted OR = 0.86, 95 % CI 0.79–0.93 for women). In men, the estimated OR did vary by educational level, smoking status, geographic area, and control source. No differences by subsites were detected. Adult height is inversely associated with HNC risk. As height can be considered a marker of childhood illness and low energy intake, the inverse association is consistent with prior studies showing that HNC occur more frequently among deprived individuals. Further studies designed to elucidate the mechanism of such association would be warranted.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank all of the participants who took part in this research for providing us very insightful and constructive comments, which helped improve this manuscript. The individual studies were supported by the following grants: Central Europe study: World Cancer Research Fund and the European Commission INCO-COPERNICUS Program (IC15- CT98-0332). France study (2001–2007): French National Research Agency (ANR); French National Cancer Institute (INCA); French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES); French Association for Research on Cancer (ARC); Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM); French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS); Fondation de France; Ministry of Labour; Ministry of Health. Saarland study: Ministry of Science, Research and Arts Baden-Wurttemberg. Aviano study: Italian Association for Research on Cancer (AIRC), Italian League Against Cancer and Italian Ministry of Research. Milan study (1984–1989): Italian Association for Research on Cancer (AIRC). Milan study (2006–2009): Italian Association for Research on Cancer (AIRC, grant n. 10068) and Italian Ministry of Education (PRIN 2009 X8YCBN). Italy Multicenter study: Italian Association for Research on Cancer (AIRC), Italian League Against Cancer and Italian Ministry of Research. Rome study (2010–2013): AIRC (Italian Agency for Research on Cancer), n. 10491. Swiss study: Swiss League against Cancer and the Swiss Research against Cancer/Oncosuisse (KFS-700, OCS-1633). Western Europe study: European Community (5th Framework Programme) (QLK1-CT-2001-00182). Boston study: National Institutes of Health (NIH) US (R01CA078609, R01CA100679). Los Angeles study: National Institute of Health (NIH) US (P50CA090388, R01DA011386, R03CA077954, T32CA009142, U01CA096134, R21ES011667) and the Alper Research Program for Environmental Genomics of the UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center. MSKCC study: NIH (R01CA051845). New York Multicenter study: National Institutes of Health (NIH) US (P01CA068384 K07CA104231). North Carolina (1994–1997): National Institutes of Health (NIH) US (R01CA061188), and in part by a grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P30ES010126). Seattle-LEO study: NIH (R01CA030022). Seattle study: National Institutes of Health (NIH) US (R01CA048996, R01DE012609). Tampa study: National Institutes of Health (NIH) US (P01CA068384, K07CA104231, R01DE013158). US Multicenter study: The Intramural Program of the NCI, NIH, United States. Puerto Rico study: jointly funded by National Institutes of Health (NCI) US and NIDCR intramural programs. Latin America study: Fondo para la Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (FONCYT) Argentina, IMIM (Barcelona), Fundaco de Amparo a' Pesquisa no Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) (No 01/01768-2), and European Commission (IC18-CT97-0222). Japan (1988–2000 and 2001–2005): Scientific Research grant from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, Culture and Technology of Japan (17015052) and grant for the Third-Term Comprehensive 10-Year Strategy for Cancer Control from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan (H20-002). IARC Multicenter study: Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS) of the Spanish Government (FIS 97/0024, FIS 97/0662, BAE 01/5013), International Union Against Cancer (UICC), and Yamagiwa-Yoshida Memorial International Cancer Study Grant. The work of EL was supported by Fondazione Veronesi.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy

    Emanuele Leoncini, Walter Ricciardi, Dario Arzani & Stefania Boccia

  2. Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy

    Gabriella Cadoni, Livia Petrelli & Gaetano Paludetti

  3. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France

    Paul Brennan, Rolando Herrero & Silvia Franceschi

  4. INSERM UMRS 1018, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France

    Daniele Luce & Isabelle Stucker

  5. Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan

    Keitaro Matsuo

  6. Centro di Riferimento Oncologico IRCCS, Aviano, Italy

    Renato Talamini & Luigino Dal Maso

  7. IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy

    Carlo La Vecchia

  8. University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    Carlo La Vecchia

  9. University of North Carolina, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Andrew F. Olshan

  10. National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Deborah M. Winn & Mark P. Purdue

  11. Institut Catala d’Oncologia (ICO), IDIBELL, CIBER-ESP, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain

    Xavier Castellsague

  12. Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA

    Joshua Muscat & Philip Lazarus

  13. Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    Hal Morgenstern

  14. Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Zuo-Feng Zhang

  15. Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Fabio Levi

  16. Brown University, Providence, RI, USA

    Karl Kelsey

  17. Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA

    Michael McClean

  18. Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA

    Thomas L. Vaughan, Chu Chen & Stephen M. Schwartz

  19. Division of Epidemiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA

    Richard B. Hayes

  20. Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia

    Oxana Shangina

  21. Escola Nacional de Saude Publica, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Sergio Koifman

  22. Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany

    Wolfgang Ahrens

  23. Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Elena Matos

  24. University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

    Pagona Lagiou

  25. Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland

    Jolanta Lissowska

  26. Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland

    Neonila Szeszenia-Dabrowska

  27. Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba

    Leticia Fernandez

  28. Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil

    Ana Menezes

  29. Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain

    Antonio Agudo

  30. Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Alexander W. Daudt

  31. Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy

    Lorenzo Richiardi

  32. Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway

    Kristina Kjaerheim

  33. National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania

    Dana Mates

  34. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic

    Jaroslav Betka

  35. University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic

    Jaroslav Betka

  36. New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA

    Guo-Pei Yu & Stimson Schantz

  37. University of Padua, Padua, Italy

    Lorenzo Simonato

  38. Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany

    Hermann Brenner

  39. Dental School, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

    David I. Conway

  40. University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK

    Tatiana V. Macfarlane

  41. School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK

    Peter Thomson

  42. Regional Authority of Public Health, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia

    Eleonora Fabianova

  43. Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia

    Ariana Znaor

  44. National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary

    Peter Rudnai

  45. Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland

    Claire Healy

  46. The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA

    Paolo Boffetta

  47. International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France

    Paolo Boffetta

  48. Imperial College London, London, UK

    Shu-Chun Chuang

  49. Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

    Yuan-Chin Amy Lee & Mia Hashibe

  50. IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy

    Stefania Boccia

  51. Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany

    Wolfgang Ahrens

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  1. Emanuele Leoncini
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  2. Walter Ricciardi
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  7. Paul Brennan
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  8. Daniele Luce
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  10. Keitaro Matsuo
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  11. Renato Talamini
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  12. Carlo La Vecchia
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  13. Andrew F. Olshan
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  14. Deborah M. Winn
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  15. Rolando Herrero
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  16. Silvia Franceschi
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  17. Xavier Castellsague
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  18. Joshua Muscat
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  19. Hal Morgenstern
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  20. Zuo-Feng Zhang
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  21. Fabio Levi
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  22. Luigino Dal Maso
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  24. Michael McClean
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  25. Thomas L. Vaughan
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  26. Philip Lazarus
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  27. Mark P. Purdue
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  28. Richard B. Hayes
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  29. Chu Chen
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  30. Stephen M. Schwartz
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  31. Oxana Shangina
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  32. Sergio Koifman
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  33. Wolfgang Ahrens
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  34. Elena Matos
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Stefania Boccia.

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Leoncini, E., Ricciardi, W., Cadoni, G. et al. Adult height and head and neck cancer: a pooled analysis within the INHANCE Consortium. Eur J Epidemiol 29, 35–48 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-013-9863-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-013-9863-2

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