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Genetic structure of a Neotropical sedentary fish revealed by AFLP, microsatellite and mtDNA markers: a case study

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Abstract

Although sedentary fish populations are potentially more susceptible to loss of genetic diversity than migratory fish, our knowledge of the genetic structures of Neotropical fish populations is mostly limited to large and/or migratory species. Geophagus brasiliensis is a Neotropical fish that exhibits sedentary habits and parental care, and therefore provides a good model for a population genetic study of a non-migratory species. We used microsatellite, AFLP and mtDNA (D-loop) analysis on a population of G. brasiliensis extending along 250 km of a Neotropical river and one of its tributaries. The results showed that this species has low levels of genetic diversity by comparison with other Neotropical species. The three molecular markers used revealed a common pattern of genetic structure consisting of three groups in the samples examined, with distinguishing values ranging from low (<0.05) to very high (>0.25). The results suggest a partial restriction of gene flow between populations along certain stretches of river. In general, our results indicated that even over short stretches, species genetic diversity is unevenly distributed throughout the basin, a feature that should be taken into account in future management and conservation actions.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to the Araucaria Foundation for financial support; to the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) for the scholarship awarded to D.G. Ferreira; to Dr Oscar Akio Shibatta (State University of Londrina) for his help in identifying the species studied, and to IBAMA (Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources)/ICMBio-System (Institute Chico Mendes—MMA) and IAP (Environmental Institute of Paraná) for permission to collect samples. The authors would also like to thank the two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments aimed at improving the quality of this paper. Silvia H. Sofia is a research fellow at the Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq).

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  1. Laboratório de Genética e Ecologia Animal (LAGEA), Depto. de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil

    Dhiego G. Ferreira, Wilson Frantine-Silva, Fernanda S. Almeida & Silvia H. Sofia

  2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil

    Dhiego G. Ferreira & Wilson Frantine-Silva

  3. Laboratório de Genética e Conservação (GECON), Universidade Estadual do Norte Paraná, Rua Portugal, 340, Cornélio Procópio, PR, 86300-000, Brazil

    Bruno A. Galindo

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  1. Dhiego G. Ferreira
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Correspondence to Silvia H. Sofia.

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Ferreira, D.G., Galindo, B.A., Frantine-Silva, W. et al. Genetic structure of a Neotropical sedentary fish revealed by AFLP, microsatellite and mtDNA markers: a case study. Conserv Genet 16, 151–166 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-014-0648-2

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