Abstract
The cellulose fabrics made from 100 % cotton with antibacterial and UV protective properties were successfully created by loading of Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite during and after dyeing with yellow, red and blue reactive dye. Blank dyeing (dyeing with all chemicals except dye) was performed to show that reactive dyes have an ability to increase the adsorption and adhesion of Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite on cotton fabrics. The colour of the samples before and after washing and exposure to artificial light was measured by reflectance spectroscopy. The presence of nanocomposite on samples was confirmed by scanning electron microscope. The increased adsorption capacity of cotton towards Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite due to the presence of reactive dyes was confirmed by measuring the quantity of silver using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. The same samples showed excellent UV protective properties with UV protection factor (UPF 50+), and excellent antibacterial properties against E. coli and S. aureus. Due to a good adhesion of nanocomposite on samples where loading of nanocomposite and dyeing with reactive dye was performed simultaneously, the samples retained their excellent protective properties after repetitive washing cycles.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Achachi A et al (2015) UV Radiation induces the epidermal recruitment of dendritic cells that compensate for the depletion of langerhans cells in human skin. J Invest Dermatol 135:2058–2067. doi:10.1038/jid.2015.118
Bradford CP (ed) (1986) The dyeing of cellulosic fibres. The Dyers’ Company Publications Trust. ISBN: 0-901956-43-0: 408
Czajkowski W, Paluszkiewicz J (2008) Synthesis of bifunctional monochlorotriazine reactive dyes increasing UV-protection properties of cotton fabrics. Fibres Text East Eur 16:122–126
Damm C, Münstedt H, Rösch A (2008) The antimicrobial efficacy of polyamide 6/silver-nano- and microcomposites. Mater Chem Phys 108:61–66. doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2007.09.002
Dastjerdi R, Mojtahedi MRM, Shoshtari AM (2008) Investigating the effect of various blend ratios of prepared masterbatch containing Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite on the properties of bioactive continuous filament yarns. Fiber Polym 9:727–734. doi:10.1007/s12221-008-0114-1
Dastjerdi R, Montazer M, Shahsavan S (2010) A novel technique for producing durable multifunctional textiles using nanocomposite coating. Colloid Surf B 81:32–41. doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.06.023
De Gusseme B et al (2010) Biogenic silver for disinfection of water contaminated with viruses. Appl Environ Microbiol 76:1082–1087. doi:10.1128/aem.02433-09
Feng QL, Wu J, Chen GQ, Cui FZ, Kim TN, Kim JO (2000) A mechanistic study of the antibacterial effect of silver ions on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. J Biomed Mater Res 52:662–668. doi:10.1002/1097-4636(20001215)52:4<662:aid-jbm10>3.0.co;2-3
Franci G, Falanga A, Galdiero S, Palomba L, Rai M, Morelli G, Galdiero M (2015) Silver nanoparticles as potential antibacterial agents. Molecules 20:8856–8874. doi:10.3390/molecules20058856
Gordon S, Hsieh YL (eds) (2007) Cotton: science and technology. Woodhead Publishing Limited, Cambridge
Gorenšek M, Recelj P (2007) Nanosilver functionalized cotton fabric. Text Res J 77:138–141. doi:10.1177/0040517507076329
Gorenšek M, Recelj P (2009) Reactive dyes and nano-silver on PA6 micro knitted goods. Text Res J 79:138–146. doi:10.1177/0040517508091314
Gorenšek M, Gorjanc M, Bukošek V, Kovač J, Petrović Z, Puač N (2010) Functionalization of polyester fabric by Ar/N2 plasma and silver. Text Res J 80:1633–1642. doi:10.1177/0040517510365951
Gorjanc M, Bukošek V, Gorenšek M, Mozetič M (2010) CF4 plasma and silver functionalized cotton. Text Res J 80:2204–2213. doi:10.1177/0040517510376268
Gorjanc M, Kovač F, Gorenšek M (2012) The influence of vat dyeing on the adsorption of synthesized colloidal silver onto cotton fabrics. Text Res J 82:62–69. doi:10.1177/0040517511420754
Gorjanc M, Gorenšek M, Jovančić P, Mozetič M (2013) Multifunctional textiles—modification by plasma, dyeing and nanoparticles. In: Gunay M (ed) Eco-friendly textile dyeing and finishing. InTech, Rijeka, pp 3–31. doi:10.5772/3436
Gorjanc M, Jazbec K, Šala M, Zaplotnik R, Vesel A, Mozetič M (2014) Creating cellulose fibres with excellent UV protective properties using moist CF4 plasma and ZnO nanoparticles. Cellulose 21:3007–3021. doi:10.1007/s10570-014-0284-5
Grancarić AM, Tarbuk A, Botteri L (2014) Light conversion and scattering in UV protective textiles. Autex Res J 14:247–258. doi:10.2478/aut-2014-0025
Ibrahim NA, Eid BM, Khalil HM (2015) Cellulosic/wool pigment prints with remarkable antibacterial functionalities. Carbohydr Polym 115:559–567. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.09.013
Ilić V, Šaponjić Z, Vodnik V, Potkonjak B, Jovančić P, Nedeljković J, Radetić M (2009) The influence of silver content on antimicrobial activity and color of cotton fabrics functionalized with Ag nanoparticles. Carbohydr Polym 78:564–569. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.05.015
Kim J, Kwon S, Ostler E (2009) Antimicrobial effect of silver-impregnated cellulose: potential for antimicrobial therapy. J Biol Eng 3:20. doi:10.1186/1754-1611-3-20
Klemenčič D, Simončič B, Tomšič B, Orel B (2010) Biodegradation of silver functionalised cellulose fibres. Carbohydr Polym 80:426–435. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.11.049
Lazić V, Vodnik V, Nedeljković J, Saponjić Z, Jovančić P, Radetić M (2013) Antibacterial and colorimetric evaluation of cotton fabrics dyed with direct dyes and loaded with Ag nanoparticles. Ind Textila 64:89–97
Malešič J, Šala M, Šelih VS, Kočar D (2014) Evaluation of a method for treatment of iron gall ink corrosion on paper. Cellulose 21:2925–2936. doi:10.1007/s10570-014-0311-6
Montazer M, Seifollahzadeh S (2011) Enhanced self-cleaning, antibacterial and UV protection properties of nano TiO2 treated textile through enzymatic pretreatment. Photochem Photobiol 87:877–883. doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2011.00917.x
Nevell TP (1986) Cellulose—its structure and properties. In: Preston C (ed) The dyeing of cellulosic fibres. Dyer’s Company Publicatons Trust, West Yorkshire, pp 1–54
Onar N, Aksit AC, Sen Y, Mutlu M (2011) Antimicrobial, UV-protective and self-cleaning properties of cotton fabrics coated by dip-coating and solvothermal coating methods. Fiber Polym 12:461–470. doi:10.1007/s12221-011-0461-1
Rimai DS, Quesnel DJ, Busnaina AA (2000) The adhesion of dry particles in the nanometer to micrometer-size range. Colloid Surf A 165:3–10. doi:10.1016/s0927-7757(99)00439-2
Rizk HF, Ibrahim SA, El-Borai MA (2015) Synthesis, fastness properties, color assessment and antimicrobial activity of some azo reactive dyes having pyrazole moiety. Dyes Pigment 112:86–92. doi:10.1016/j.dyepig.2014.06.026
Rudolf Chemie (2007) The ultimate hygienic finish for textiles. Rudolf info 5/07: 12
Selvam S, Sundrarajan M (2012) Functionalization of cotton fabric with PVP/ZnO nanoparticles for improved reactive dyeability and antibacterial activity. Carbohydr Polym 87:1419–1424. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.09.025
Shateri-Khalilabad M, Yazdanshenas ME (2013) Bifunctionalization of cotton textiles by ZnO nanostructures: antimicrobial activity and ultraviolet protection. Text Res J 83:993–1004. doi:10.1177/0040517512468812
Sun RWY, Chen R, Chung NPY, Ho CM, Lin CLS, Che CM (2005) Silver nanoparticles fabricated in Hepes buffer exhibit cytoprotective activities toward HIV-1 infected cells. Chem Commun. doi:10.1039/b510984a
Sundaresan K, Sivakumar A, Vigneswaran C, Ramachandran T (2012) Influence of nano titanium dioxide finish, prepared by sol-gel technique, on the ultraviolet protection, antimicrobial, and self-cleaning characteristics of cotton fabrics. J Ind Text 41:259–277. doi:10.1177/1528083711414962
Tarbuk A, Grancarić AM, Šitum M, Martinis M (2010) UV clothing and skin cancer. Coll Antropol 34:179–183
Tomšič B, Simončič B, Orel B, Žerjav M, Schroers H, Simončič A, Samardžija Z (2009) Antimicrobial activity of AgCl embedded in a silica matrix on cotton fabric. Carbohydr Polym 75:618–626. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.09.013
Ugur SS, Sariisik M, Aktas H (2011) Nano-TiO2 based multilayer film deposition on cotton fabrics for UV-protection. Fiber Polym 12:190–196. doi:10.1007/s12221-011-0190-5
Ursache M, Loghin C, Muresan R, Cerempei A, Muresan A (2011) Investigation on the effects of antibacterial finishes on dyed cotton knitted fabrics. Tekst Konfeksiyon 21:249–256
Yuranova T, Rincon AG, Pulgarin C, Laub D, Xantopoulos N, Mathieu HJ, Kiwi J (2006) Performance and characterization of Ag-cotton and Ag/TiO2 loaded textiles during the abatement of E. coli. J Photochem Photobiol A 181:363–369. doi:10.1016/j.jphotochem.2005.12.020
Acknowledgments
The research was financially supported by Slovenian Research Agency (programmes P2-0213 and P1-0034).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gorjanc, M., Šala, M. Durable antibacterial and UV protective properties of cellulose fabric functionalized with Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite during dyeing with reactive dyes. Cellulose 23, 2199–2209 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-016-0945-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-016-0945-7