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C-peptide, IGF-I, sex-steroid hormones and adiposity: a cross-sectional study in healthy women within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

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Abstract

Objectives: The risk of some cancers is positively associated with body weight, which may influence circulating levels of sex-steroid hormones, insulin and IGF-I. Interrelationships between these hormones and the associations with adiposity were evaluated in healthy women participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed on anthropometric and hormonal data from 743 pre- and 1217 postmenopausal women. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were used as indicators of adiposity. C-peptide, Insulin Growth Factor (IGF)-I, Insulin Growth Factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3, androgens, estrogens and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were measured by immunoassays; free sex steroid concentrations were calculated.

Results: BMI and waist circumference were positively correlated with estrogens in postmenopausal women and with C-peptide, free testosterone and inversely with SHBG in all women. C-peptide and IGF-I were inversely correlated with SHBG, and positively with free sex steroids in postmenopausal women. IGF-I was positively associated with postmenopausal estrogens and androgen concentrations in all women.

Conclusions: Sex-steroid concentrations appear to be regulated along several axes. Adiposity correlated directly with estrogens in postmenopausal women and with insulin, resulting in lower SHBG and increased levels of free sex steroids. Independent of adiposity and insulin, IGF-I was associated with decreased SHBG levels, and increased concentrations of androgens and postmenopausal estrogens.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France

    Irene D. Bezemer, Sabina Rinaldi, Laure Dossus, Bertrand Hémon, Teresa Norat, Elio Riboli & Rudolf Kaaks

  2. Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Irene D. Bezemer, Carla H. van. Gils, Petra H. M. Peeters & Paulus A. H. van. Noord

  3. Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands

    H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita

  4. Institute of Epidemiology & Social Medicine, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark

    Soren Paaske Johnsen & Kim Overvad

  5. Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Anja Olsen & Anne Tjønneland

  6. Department of Epidemiology, Deutsches Institut für Ernährungsforschung, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany

    Heiner Boeing & Petra H. Lahmann

  7. Division of Clinical Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany

    Jakob Linseisen & Gabriele Nagel

  8. Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research UK, Oxford, UK

    Naomi Allen & Andrew Roddam

  9. MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Welcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge, UK

    Sheila Bingham

  10. Clinical Gerontology Unit, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK

    Kay-Tee Khaw

  11. Institut Gustave Roussy, INSERM, Villejuif, France

    Emmanuelle Kesse, Bertrand Téhard & Françoise Clavel-Chapelon

  12. Department of Epidemiology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain

    Antonio Agudo

  13. Public Health Institute of Navarra, Spain

    Eva Ardanaz

  14. Health Council of Asturias, Spain

    J. R. Quiros

  15. Health Department of Basque Country, Spain

    Pilar Amiano

  16. Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain

    Martínez-Garcia C

  17. Epidemiology Department, Murcia Health Council, Murcia, Spain

    M. J. Tormo

  18. National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy

    Valeria Pala

  19. Department for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University Naples, Naples, Italy

    Salvatore Panico

  20. University of Torino and Imperial College London, London, UK

    Paolo Vineis

  21. Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit CSPO-Scientific Institute of Tuscany, Florence, Italy

    Domenico Palli

  22. Cancer Registry of Sicily, Ragusa, Italy

    Rosario Tumino

  23. University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece

    Antonia Trichopoulou, N. Baibas & D. Zilis

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  1. Irene D. Bezemer
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  2. Sabina Rinaldi
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  20. Emmanuelle Kesse
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  33. Rosario Tumino
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  34. Antonia Trichopoulou
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  35. N. Baibas
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  36. D. Zilis
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  37. Bertrand Hémon
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  38. Teresa Norat
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  39. Elio Riboli
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  40. Rudolf Kaaks
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Correspondence to Rudolf Kaaks.

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Bezemer, I.D., Rinaldi, S., Dossus, L. et al. C-peptide, IGF-I, sex-steroid hormones and adiposity: a cross-sectional study in healthy women within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Cancer Causes Control 16, 561–572 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-004-7472-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-004-7472-9

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