Abstract
The application of five water-soluble, halogen-free, alkylammonium-based ionic liquids (ILs) as additives for advanced crystallization of lysozyme was investigated. Their biocompatibility was determined by long-term measurement of the overall mean relative enzyme activities. These were maximally reduced by about 10–15% when up to 200 g IL l−1 was added. Sitting-drop vapor diffusion crystallization experiments revealed that the addition of some of the ILs led to less crystal polymorphism and precipitation was avoided reliably even at larger NaCl concentrations. The addition of ILs tended to result in larger crystals. The kinetics of lysozyme crystallization were significantly enhanced using ILs as crystallization additives, e.g. by a factor of 5.5 when 100 g ethanolammonium formate l−1 was added. ILs with “soft” anions, such as formate or glycolate, were superior to ILs with “hard” anions, like nitrate.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank Lorenz Chatwell and Arne Skerra for valuable advices in the initial phase of the work. The authors also acknowledge the experimental contribution of Hannes Schmid.
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Hekmat, D., Hebel, D., Joswig, S. et al. Advanced protein crystallization using water-soluble ionic liquids as crystallization additives . Biotechnol Lett 29, 1703–1711 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-007-9456-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-007-9456-9