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Child Sexual Abuse and Negative Affect as Shared Risk Factors for Sexual Aggression and Sexual HIV Risk Behavior in Heterosexual Men

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Abstract

Previous research has suggested that sexually aggressive behavior and sexual HIV risk behavior are associated. Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is a well-established risk factor for both types of problematic sexual behavior. Negative affect (i.e., anxiety, depression, and anger) is a less well-studied risk factor, but it has been theorized to relate to both sexual aggression and HIV risk behavior. Thus, this study sought to (1) confirm the relationship between sexual aggression and HIV risk behavior, (2) establish CSA and negative affect as shared risk factors for sexual aggression and HIV risk behavior, and (3) evaluate whether negative affect mediates the relationship between CSA and sexual aggression and between CSA and HIV sexual risk in a sample of heterosexual men. We recruited 18- to 30-year-old heterosexual men (N = 377) from urban sexually transmitted infection clinics. Men completed measures of sexual HIV risk history (number of partners and condom use), sexual aggression history, CSA history, and trait negative affect (anger, anxiety, and depression). Structural equation modeling was used to examine hypothesized direct and indirect relationships. In the final SEM model, sexual aggression history and sexual HIV risk behavior were correlated. CSA was associated with both types of problematic sexual behavior. Anxiety significantly mediated the relationship between CSA and sexual aggression and between CSA and sexual HIV risk behavior (χ 2[1300] = 2121.79, p < .001; CFI = 0.905; RMSEA [90% CI] = .044 [.041–.047]). Sexual aggression appears to be part of a constellation of sexual risk behaviors; thus, it may be possible to develop prevention programs that target both sexual HIV risk and sexual aggression. CSA is a shared risk factor for sexual aggression and HIV risk behavior through the pathway of anxiety. Thus, anxiety might be one promising target for intervention.

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Funding

This study was supported by a grant (R21HD055831; Zoё Peterson, PI) from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). This article’s contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of NICHD.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA

    Zoё D. Peterson

  2. Institute for Family and Sexuality Studies, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    Erick Janssen

  3. The Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender, and Reproduction, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA

    Erick Janssen, David Goodrich & Julia R. Heiman

  4. Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA

    Julia R. Heiman

  5. Section of Adolescent Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    J. Dennis Fortenberry, Devon J. Hensel & Julia R. Heiman

  6. Department of Sociology, Indiana University Purdue University-Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Devon J. Hensel

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  1. Zoё D. Peterson
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  2. Erick Janssen
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  3. David Goodrich
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  5. Devon J. Hensel
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  6. Julia R. Heiman
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Correspondence to Zoё D. Peterson.

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All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Peterson, Z.D., Janssen, E., Goodrich, D. et al. Child Sexual Abuse and Negative Affect as Shared Risk Factors for Sexual Aggression and Sexual HIV Risk Behavior in Heterosexual Men. Arch Sex Behav 47, 465–480 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-017-1079-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-017-1079-1

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