Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in neonates is the most common pulmonary disease that causes neonatal mortality, has complex pathogenesis, and lacks effective treatment. It is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary hypertension, and right ventricular hypertrophy. The occurrence and development of BPD involve various factors, of which premature birth is the most crucial reason for BPD. Under the premise of abnormal lung structure and functional product, newborns are susceptible to damage to oxides, free radicals, hypoxia, infections and so on. The most influential is oxidative stress, which induces cell death in different ways when the oxidative stress balance in the body is disrupted. Increasing evidence has shown that programmed cell death (PCD), including apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis, plays a significant role in the molecular and biological mechanisms of BPD and the further development of the disease. Understanding the mode of PCD and its signaling pathways can provide new therapeutic approaches and targets for the clinical treatment of BPD. This review elucidates the mechanism of BPD, focusing on the multiple types of PCD in BPD and their molecular mechanisms, which are mainly based on experimental results obtained in rodents.


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Abbreviations
- FADD:
-
Fas-associated via death domain
- RIPK3:
-
Receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 3
- RIPK1:
-
Receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 1
- NF-κB:
-
Nuclear factor kappa-B
- TSG-6:
-
Tumor necrosis factor α stimulated gene 6
- ERK:
-
Extracellular regulated protein kinases
- JNK:
-
C-Jun N-terminal kinase
- BCL-2:
-
B-cell lymphoma-2
- SIRT1:
-
Sirtuin 1
- SENP1:
-
SUMO-specific proteases 1
- PI3K:
-
PhosphoInositide-3 Kinase
- AKT:
-
Protein Kinase B
- Keap1:
-
Kelch-like ECH-associated protein1
- Nrf2:
-
Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2
- ARE:
-
AU-rich element
- DLL4:
-
Delta-like ligand4
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- MLKL:
-
Mixed Lineage Kinase Domain-Like (protein)
- PDC:
-
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
- AMPK:
-
AMP-activated protein kinase
- NLRP3:
-
NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3
- GSDMD:
-
Gasdermin D
- GSH:
-
Glutathione
- GPX4:
-
Glutathione Peroxidase 4
- Cys:
-
Cysteine
- SLC7A11:
-
Recombinant Solute Carrier Family 7, Member 11
- SLC3A2:
-
Recombinant Solute Carrier Family 3, Member 2
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We would like to thank Editage (www.editage.cn) for English language editing.
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This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82101812), the Jiangsu Commission of Health and Family Planning (No. Z2020042 and No. SFY202105), Wuxi Municipal Medical Innovation Team (No. CXTD2021013), and the Wuxi Young and Middle-aged Medical Talents Project (No. BJ2020075 and No. BJ2020079).
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XD and ZB were responsible for data collection and the writing of the original manuscript. XY, YM, and QZ were responsible for the editing. AC and YZ are responsible for concept development and revision. RY was responsible for concept development, review of the manuscript, revision and funding acquisition. All authors have contributed to the manuscript and approved the submitted version.
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Deng, X., Bao, Z., Yang, X. et al. Molecular mechanisms of cell death in bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Apoptosis 28, 39–54 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10495-022-01791-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10495-022-01791-4