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Changes in Quality of life Outcomes of Patients with HIV/AIDS Under a Theory-based Mobile Health Intervention

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Abstract

This study examined the effectiveness of a theory-based mHealth intervention on the quality of life (QOL) of people living with HIV. A randomized controlled trial was performed at two outpatient clinics in Hanoi, Vietnam. There were 428 patients with HIV/AIDs in selected clinics and were divided into the intervention arm (receiving HIV-assisted smartphone application and usual care) and the control arm (receiving only usual care). The WHOQOLHIV-BREF instrument was utilized to measure QOL. An intention-to-treat approach using Generalized Linear Mixed Model analysis was performed. The trial showed significant improvements in Physical health, Psychological health, and Level of Dependence among patients in the intervention arm compared to the control arm. However, the Environment and Spirituality/Personal beliefs improvements would require additional interventions, both individual, organizational, or governmental. This study explored the utility of a smartphone mobile application for individuals with HIV, and how the resultant application could improve the overall QOL.

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Data Availability

The data of this study cannot be public due to the restriction of the Vietnam HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control Law. Reasonable requests for data should be sent to the corresponding author. PhD Bach Xuan Tran had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.

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Acknowledgements

This study received funding from Bach Mai Medical College, Bach Mai Hospital. The article process charge of this paper is supported by NUS Department of Psychological Medicine (R-177-000-100-001/R-177-000-003-001) and NUS iHeathtech Other Operating Expenses (R-722-000-004-731).

Funding

This study received funding from Bach Mai Medical College, Bach Mai Hospital. The article process charge of this paper is supported by NUS Department of Psychological Medicine (R-177-000-100-001/R-177-000-003-001) and NUS iHeathtech Other Operating Expenses (R-722-000-004-731).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Bach Xuan Tran and Thu Minh Bui have equally contributed.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, No. 1 Ton That Tung Street, Dong Da district, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam

    Bach Xuan Tran & Toan Van Ngo

  2. Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA

    Bach Xuan Tran & Carl A. Latkin

  3. Bach Mai Medical College, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam

    Thu Minh Bui

  4. Institute of Health Economics and Technology, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam

    Anh Linh Do & Anh Hai Tran Nguyen

  5. Research Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Aix Marseille University, 27, boulevard Jean-Moulin, Marseille cedex 05, 13385, France

    Laurent Boyer & Pascal Auquier

  6. Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden

    Long Hoang Nguyen

  7. Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore

    Melvyn W.B. Zhang

  8. Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore

    Cyrus S.H. Ho & Roger C.M. Ho

  9. Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore

    Roger C.M. Ho

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  1. Bach Xuan Tran
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Contributions

Concept and design: Bach Xuan Tran, Thu Minh Bui, Anh Linh Do, Long Hoang Nguyen, Laurent Boyer, Pascal Auquier; Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: Anh Hai Tran Nguyen, Toan Van Ngo, Carl A. Latkin, Melvyn W.B. Zhang; Drafting of the manuscript: Bach Xuan Tran, Thu Minh Bui, Cyrus S.H. Ho, Roger C.M. Ho, Laurent Boyer, Pascal Auquier; Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Bach Xuan Tran, Thu Minh Bui, Anh Linh Do, Long Hoang Nguyen, Laurent Boyer, Pascal Auquier; Statistical analysis: Anh Hai Tran Nguyen, Toan Van Ngo, Carl A. Latkin, Melvyn W.B. Zhang; Obtained funding: Carl A. Latkin, Melvyn W.B. Zhang, Cyrus S.H. Ho, Roger C.M. Ho; Administrative, technical, or material support: Anh Linh Do, Long Hoang Nguyen, Toan Van Ngo; Supervision: Cyrus S.H. Ho, Roger C.M. Ho. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bach Xuan Tran.

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Conflict of interest

Authors without conflicts of interest, including relevant financial interests, activities, relationships, and affiliations.

Ethics Approval

Patients invited to participate in the study have been fully explained the content, purpose, and benefits when participating in the study. The collected information is kept confidential, and the information is only for research purposes, not for other purposes, the data is encrypted to ensure the confidentiality of the information. Participation in research is completely voluntary. The protocol of this study was approved by the institutional review board of Hanoi Medical University (Code: 18NCS17/HDDDDHYHN).

Trial Protocol/Statistical Analysis

The TCTR Committee reviewed and approved the trial protocol on 28 September 2022. The TCTR identification number is TCTR20220928003 (https://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/show/TCTR20220928003).

Consent to Participate

Before participating in the study, informed consent was provided to participants.

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Not applicable.

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Tran, B.X., Bui, T.M., Do, A.L. et al. Changes in Quality of life Outcomes of Patients with HIV/AIDS Under a Theory-based Mobile Health Intervention. AIDS Behav 27, 3905–3915 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-023-04105-0

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