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Scaffolds for Tendon and Ligament Repair and Regeneration

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Abstract

Enhanced tendon and ligament repair would have a major impact on orthopedic surgery outcomes, resulting in reduced repair failures and repeat surgeries, more rapid return to function, and reduced health care costs. Scaffolds have been used for mechanical and biologic reinforcement of repair and regeneration with mixed results. This review summarizes efforts made using biologic and synthetic scaffolds using rotator cuff and ACL as examples of clinical applications, discusses recent advances that have shown promising clinical outcomes, and provides insight into future therapy.

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Acknowledgments

The manuscript was written in part with support of NIH Grants R44AR060032 (AR), AR056943 (DB), AR54713 (ND), AR052374 (ND), DE021989 (ND), AR052743 (ELF), AG039561 (ELF), and NSF IGERT 0333377 (DB). Dr Anthony Ratcliffe and Seena Ratcliffe are employees of Synthasome, Inc. Drs. David Butler, Nathanial Dyment, Paul J. Cagle Jr, Christopher S. Proctor, and Evan L. Flatow have no financial conflicts.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Synthasome, Inc., 3030 Bunker Hill Street, Suite 308, San Diego, CA, 92109, USA

    Anthony Ratcliffe & Seena S. Ratcliffe

  2. Tissue Engineering and Biomechanics Laboratories, Biomedical Engineering Program, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA

    David L. Butler

  3. Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA

    Nathaniel A. Dyment

  4. Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA

    Paul J. Cagle Jr. & Evan L. Flatow

  5. Alta Orthopaedics, Santa Barbara, CA, USA

    Christopher S. Proctor

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  1. Anthony Ratcliffe
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  2. David L. Butler
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Correspondence to Anthony Ratcliffe.

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Associate Editor Fei Wang oversaw the review of this article.

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Ratcliffe, A., Butler, D.L., Dyment, N.A. et al. Scaffolds for Tendon and Ligament Repair and Regeneration. Ann Biomed Eng 43, 819–831 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-015-1263-1

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