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Cell biology of osteoimmunology

Zellbiologische Aspekte der Osteoimmunologie

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Zusammenfassung

Osteoimmunologie definiert einen Forschungsbereich mit dem Schwerpunkt der Kommunikation zwischen dem Immunsystem und dem muskuloskeletalen System. Wir stehen erst am Beginn, die grundlegenden Prinzipien dieser zellulären Kommunikation zu verstehen. Es scheint, dass nahezu alle Immunzellen in der Lage sind, mit Osteoblasten, Osteoklasten und deren Vorläuferzellen zu kommunizieren – und vice versa. Osteoporose, rheumatoide Arthritis und Parodontitis zählen zu den Erkrankungen, deren Pathogenese im Zusammenhang mit der Osteoimmunologie steht, insgesamt Krankheiten mit hohem Einfluss auf die Lebensqualität und mit zunehmender sozioökonomischer Bedeutung. Zum besseren Verständnis der Pathogenese müssen die Hauptwege der Kommunikation zwischen dem Immunsystem und dem muskuloskeletalen System erkannt werden. Unser bisheriges Verständnis schaffte bereits die wissenschaftliche Grundlage für die Entwicklung gezielter Therapien. Allerdings sind weitere Entschlüsselungen dieser Kommunikationen auf zellulärer und molekularer Ebene notwendig und bleiben eine Herausforderung.

Summary

Osteoimmunology is defined as the research area focusing on the crosstalk between the immune system and the muskoskeletal system. After nearly a decade of research, we are now beginning to understand the basic principles of this crosstalk. It seems that almost all immune cells are capable of communicating with osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and their respective progenitors – and vice versa. Diseases that fall into the category of osteoimmunology including osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontal disease are of particular significance considering their implications in quality of life, their increased incidence in the population, and socioeconomic issues. To better understand the underlying pathogenesis, the main pathways of the crosstalk between the immune system and the muskoskeletal system need to be uncovered. Our current understanding has already provided the scientific basis for the development of targeted therapies. However, the challenge of future studies is to further decipher this crosstalk at cellular and molecular levels.

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  1. Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

    Reinhard Gruber

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Gruber, R. Cell biology of osteoimmunology. Wien Med Wochenschr 160, 438–445 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-010-0809-y

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