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The prevalence of tick-borne encephalitis in the region of West Bohemia (Czech Republic) between 1960–2005

Prävalenz der Frühsommermeningoenzephalitis im Westböhmischen Kreis (Tschechische Republik) in den Jahren 1960–2005

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Zusammenfassung

Im Laufe der Jahre 1960–2005 sind im Westböhmischen Kreis (jetzt der Pilsner- und der Karlsbader Kreis) laborgesichert 1,621 Erkrankungen durch die Zeckenenzephalitis bestätigt worden (eine Erkrankungsrate von 4,1/100.000 Einwohner und Jahr). Die höchste Erkrankungsrate ist bei Männern in der Altersgruppe zwischen 20–24 Jahren festgestellt worden, bei Frauen im Alter von 45–54 Jahren; während des verfolgten Zeitraums ist es zu einer wesentlichen Verlagerung der maximalen Krankenrate in höheres Alter gekommen, augenblicklich ist sie in der Altersgruppe von 45–64 Jahren am höchsten. Von den erfassten Erkrankungen waren 12 (0,7 %) tödlich. Im Laufe der Jahre ist es zu Änderungen der Risikoübertragung in den einzelnen Teilen des Kreises gekommen, augenblicklich ist die höchste Krankenrate im Bezirk Klatovy (21,7/100.000 Einwohner und Jahr). Von der Gesamtanzahl der Infektionen ist es lediglich 2 mal zu einer Ansteckung außerhalb des Gebiets der Tschechischen Republik gekommen (Slowakei, Österreich). Bei 4,8 % der Erkrankten ist in der Anamnese eine Angabe über die Konsumierung von unpasteurisierter Milch festgestellt worden, 3,0 % der Infizierungen sind sehr wahrscheinlich im Zusammenhang mit der beruflichen Exposition zu Stande gekommen. Im Laufe der Jahre ist es zu einer Verlängerung der Infektionssaisonalität gekommen, zur Übertragung kommt es ab März bis November. Nach offiziellen Angaben sind bisher 6,7 % der Bevölkerung des Pilsner Kreises geimpft worden. Eine derart niedrige Schutzimpfungsrate kann jedoch die ungünstige epidemiologische Situation hinsichtlich der Zeckenenzephalitis nicht beeinflussen.

Summary

Between 1960–2005, 1,621 cases of tick-borne encephalitis were confirmed by laboratory testing in the region of West Bohemia (now the regions of Pilsen and Karlovy Vary) which represents a rate of infection of 4.1 per 100,000 inhabitants per year. The highest infection rate was established in men aged 20–24 and women aged 45–54. Over the monitored years, there was a significant shift of the maximum infection rate into an older age group. Currently, it is the 45–64 age group which carries the highest rate of infection. Of the identified disease cases, 12 were lethal, which represents 0.7% of the total. Over the years, the risks of transmission in particular areas of the region have changed. The highest infection rate is currently in the district of Klatovy (21.7 per 100,000 inhabitants per year). Of the total number, only two cases were contracted outside the Czech Republic (Slovakia and Austria). In 4.8% cases, the patient's anamnesis showed data on the consumption of non-pasteurized milk. 3.0% of infections probably originated as a result of professional exposure. Over the years, the season of infection has extended. Presently, the transmission can occur anytime between March and November. According to official data, only 6.7% of the population in the Pilsen district has been vaccinated so far. The low percentage of vaccinated cases may, however, in no way influence the unfavorable epidemiological situation regarding tick-borne encephalitis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Regional Hygiene Station of Pilsen Region, Czech Republic

    Petr Pazdiora, Zdenka Böhmová, Anna Kubátová, Irena Menclová, Ivana Morávková, Jitka Průchová, Marie Přechová & Marika Spáčilová

  2. Regional Hygiene Station of Karlovy Vary Region, Czech Republic

    Jindřiška Benešová, Jitka Králíková & Zuzana Vodrážková

  3. Clinic of Infectious Diseases of the University Hospital in Pilsen, Czech Republic

    Věra Štruncová

  4. Institute of Microbiology of the University Hospital in Pilsen, Czech Republic

    Miroslava Švecová

Authors
  1. Petr Pazdiora
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  2. Jindřiška Benešová
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  3. Zdenka Böhmová
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  4. Jitka Králíková
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  8. Jitka Průchová
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  10. Marika Spáčilová
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  11. Zuzana Vodrážková
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  12. Věra Štruncová
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  13. Miroslava Švecová
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Correspondence to Petr Pazdiora.

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Pazdiora, P., Benešová, J., Böhmová, Z. et al. The prevalence of tick-borne encephalitis in the region of West Bohemia (Czech Republic) between 1960–2005. Wien Med Wochenschr 158, 91–97 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-007-0498-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-007-0498-3

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