Abstract
Coal and water resources are important and fundamental to the sustainable development of China’s national economy and society. However, coal–water conflicts are beginning to restrict coal production. In order to study this serious problem, the threat of mine water disasters, the supply–demand imbalance of water resources in coal mining areas, and the nature of polluted mine water were considered. Our results show that these problems are best resolved by viewing coal and water as coupled resources, using an optimized five fold combination of mine water control, treatment, utilization, groundwater recharge, and environment-friendly treatment. Water that is pumped to the surface to make a mine safer to operate can be used without being treated if it is kept separate from contaminated mine water and can be a resource, as can mine water that has been properly treated.
Zusammenfassung
Kohle- und Wasservorkommen sind wichtig und wesentlich für die nachhaltige Entwicklung der chinesischen Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. Allerdings beginnen Interessenskonflikte zwischen Kohle- und Wassernutzung die Kohlenförderung einzuschränken. Dabei sind die Gefahr von Wassereinbrüchen, das Ungleichgewicht von Wasserdargebot und -nachfrage in Kohlenabbaugebieten sowie der Umgang mit verunreinigtem Grubenwasser wichtige Aspekte. Zur Lösung dieser Probleme und Interessenskonflikte sollten Kohle und Wasser als aneinander gekoppelte Rohstoffvorkommen betrachtet werden. Eine optimale Nutzung kann durch eine verbesserte Kombination von Grubenwasserkontrolle, umweltfreundlicher Aufbereitung, direkte Nutzung sowie Grundwasserneubildung gewährleistet werden. Gehobenes Infiltrationswasser kann dann ohne Aufbereitung genutzt werden, wenn es von verunreinigtem Grubenwasser getrennt gehalten wird. Auch aufbereitetes Grubenwasser lässt sich als Wasserressource nutzen.
Resúmen
Los recursos de carbón y de agua son importantes y fundamentales para el desarrollo sustentable de la economía y la sociedad china. Sin embargo, los conflictos carbón-agua están comenzando a restringir la producción de carbón. La amenaza de desastres con el agua de mina, el desbalance entre las existencias y las demandas de agua en las áreas mineras de carbón, y las necesidades de tratamiento del agua de mina contaminada, son importantes consideraciones. Estos problemas podrían ser resueltos considerando al carbón y al agua como dos recursos asociados, usando una optimizada combinación del control de agua de mina y el uso y tratamiento ambientalmente amigable de las aguas subterráneas. El agua que es bombeada a la superficie para hacer más segura la operación dentro de la mina puede ser usada sin tratamiento si se mantiene separada del agua de mina contaminada y puede ser un recurso tanto como el agua de mina que ha sido apropiadamente tratada.
摘要
煤炭与水都是中国国民经济和社会可持续发展的重要资源。然而,煤炭资源与水资源之间的矛盾已日益成为影响中国煤炭工业发展的重要因素。煤矿灾害性突水威胁、矿区水资源供需矛盾、矿井水污染及处理压力等都是矿区发展不可回避的问题。解决上述矛盾与问题的最佳途径是:视煤炭和水为相互联系的宝贵资源,优化矿井水害防治、环境友好型矿井水处理、地下水利用及其与地下水补给之间的关系。矿区地下水疏放旨在保障煤矿开采安全;若将疏放水与已污染矿井水分开并单独泵出,则被疏放地下水仍不失为可直接利用水资源。
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Acknowledgments
This study was financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2010YD02) and China’s National Natural Science Foundation (40772162, 51174289), which we gratefully acknowledge. We also express our sincere gratitude to Drs. Shao-qing Wang and Yu Zhang for their instruction.
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Sun, W., Wu, Q., Dong, D. et al. Avoiding Coal–Water Conflicts During the Development of China’s Large Coal-Producing Regions. Mine Water Environ 31, 74–78 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-012-0173-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-012-0173-9