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Intimal growth on the luminal surface of arteriovenous grafts in rats

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Abstract

Background

Endothelial cells are known to grow on the luminal surface of arteriovenous grafts (AVGs) used in hemodialysis. Although endothelial cells are important for preventing infection, a detailed growth of endothelial cells in AVGs is unknown. This study sought to create a simpler animal model of AVGs and to investigate how endothelial cells form on the luminal surface.

Methods

Polyethylene grafts were placed between the cervical artery and vein of Wistar rats. The grafts were removed at 6 h, 24 h, 3 days, or 7 days after placement. The luminal surface was observed under optical and polarizing microscopy and stained with endothelial cell markers (LEL, CD31), the progenitor cell marker CD34, and the macrophage marker ED-1.

Results

Microscopy demonstrated many diffuse vascular endothelial cells on the luminal surface of AVGs after placement. While there was no difference in the number of LEL-positive cells between the arterial side (AS) and venous side (VS) at 6 h or 7 days, there were significantly more of these cells on the VS at both 24 h and 3 days (p < 0.05). Analysis at 24 h showed some CD31-positive cells and few CD34-positive cells.

Conclusions

This was the first study to use a simple rat model of AVG placement. Endothelial cell formation was initially more active on the VS than on the AS, but these cells subsequently increased in number across the luminal surface. Future clinical studies might contribute clinically by confirming whether AS versus VS puncture results in different infection rates.

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Data availability

The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article and/or its supplementary materials.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nephrology, Central Japan International Medical Center, 1-1, Kenkounomachi, Minokamoshi, Gifu, Japan

    Sumihisa Ono & Kanyu Miyamoto

  2. Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 1-1, Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan

    Sumihisa Ono, Takuji Ishimoto & Yasuhiko Ito

  3. Department of Anatomy, Aichi Medical University, 1-1, Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan

    Naoyuki Hatayama & Munekazu Naito

Authors
  1. Sumihisa Ono
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  2. Naoyuki Hatayama
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  4. Munekazu Naito
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  5. Takuji Ishimoto
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  6. Yasuhiko Ito
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Correspondence to Naoyuki Hatayama or Yasuhiko Ito.

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Ono, S., Hatayama, N., Miyamoto, K. et al. Intimal growth on the luminal surface of arteriovenous grafts in rats. Clin Exp Nephrol 27, 402–410 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10157-023-02320-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10157-023-02320-6

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