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Isolation and expression profiles of gibberellin metabolism genes in developing male and female cones of Pinus tabuliformis

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Abstract

Gibberellins (GAs) are important in the floral regulatory networks of angiosperm plants. Several lines of evidence suggest that GAs also play a pivotal role in conifer male and female cone development. To gain new insights into the GA metabolism pathway in conifer trees and the role of GA metabolism in male and female cone development, we identified GA metabolism genes in Pinus tabuliformis. These included one PtCPS gene, one PtKS gene, one PtKO gene, TWO PtKAO genes, one PtGA20ox gene, two PtGA3ox genes and 12 PtGA2ox genes. According to phylogenetic analysis, the GA biosynthesis pathway evolved after the divergence of mosses from ferns, but the GA-deactivating gene family underwent divided expansion after divergence of the angiosperms from gymnosperms. However, the active sites of all GA metabolism enzymes were conserved during the evolution of land plants. During male and female cone development of P. tabuliformis, the expression of most of the PtGA2ox genes, especially PtGA2ox10, was higher than GA biosynthesis genes. However, the expression of PtKAO1 in cones peaked at a very early developmental stage. The expression pattern of GA metabolism genes indicated that GAs play different roles at the early and late stages of cone development.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Zhiling Yang from the College of biological sciences and technology, Beijing Forestry University, for giving helpful remarks and suggestions on the phylogenetic analysis. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31370657), Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT13047) and The State Forestry Bureau 948 Project (No. 2012-4-40).

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None declared.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Engineering Laboratory for Forest Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China

    Shihui Niu, Lu Yuan, Yuncheng Zhang & Wei Li

  2. Laboratory of Bio-Technology of Tropical and Subtropical Forestry, College of Forestry, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, 510642, China

    Xiaoyang Chen

Authors
  1. Shihui Niu
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  2. Lu Yuan
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  3. Yuncheng Zhang
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  4. Xiaoyang Chen
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  5. Wei Li
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wei Li.

Electronic supplementary material

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Supplementary Fig S1

The ML tree base on the active domain of 2ODDs (GIF 26 kb)

High resolution image (TIFF 1220 kb)

Supplementary Fig S2

The amino acid sequence alignment of active region of CPSs and KSs (GIF 244 kb)

High resolution image (TIFF 10352 kb)

Supplementary Fig S3

The amino acid sequence alignment of active region of KOs and KAOs (GIF 78 kb)

High resolution image (TIFF 2877 kb)

Supplementary Fig S4

The amino acid sequence alignment of active region of GA20oxs, GA3oxs and GA2oxs (GIF 250 kb)

High resolution image (TIFF 9861 kb)

Supplementary Fig S5

Samples used for gene expression analysis (GIF 14 kb)

High resolution image (TIFF 1050 kb)

Supplementary Table 1

(PDF 179 kb)

Supplementary Table 2

(PDF 98 kb)

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Niu, S., Yuan, L., Zhang, Y. et al. Isolation and expression profiles of gibberellin metabolism genes in developing male and female cones of Pinus tabuliformis . Funct Integr Genomics 14, 697–705 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-014-0387-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-014-0387-y

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