Skip to main content
Log in

One-Pot Purification and Immobilization of Phenylalanine Dehydrogenase from Bacillus nanhaiensi by Functional Reduced Graphene Oxide

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Marine Biotechnology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The one-pot immobilization of halophilic phenylalanine dehydrogenase from marine microorganism with metal ions modified reduced graphene oxide (CRGO) material was studied. Phenylalanine dehydrogenase was from Bacillus nanhaiensi and expressed with a C-terminal His-tag. Investigation of CRGO, CRGO-PEI, CRCO-Mn, and CRGO-PEI-Mn for one-pot purification and immobilization of phenylalanine dehydrogenase from crude enzyme solution was carried out. Enzyme activity yield rate achieved 80.0% by immobilization with CRCO-Mn, and the loading capacity was 6.7 mg/mg. Manganese ion coordination greatly improved the selectivity of the CRGO for the target His-tagged enzyme. Furthermore, the effect of NaCl concentration on the immobilization was investigated, which the loading capacity of CRGO-PEI and CRGO-Mn-PEI was increased by 10.7% and 30.6% with 1 M NaCl, respectively. The adsorption curves of crude enzyme one-pot immobilized by CRGO-Mn and purified enzyme immobilized by CRGO-Mn were similar. Therefore, one-pot immobilization strategy is promising for industrial application with advantages such as high efficiency and low cost, which shorten the pipelines for enzyme discovery towards industrial applications through the establishing of marine enzyme collections.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

Availability of Data and Material

The data sets supporting the results of this article are included within the article and its additional files.

Code Availability

Not applicable.

Abbreviations

CRGO:

Reduced graphene oxide

PEI:

Polyethylenimine

CRGO-PEI:

Polyethylenimine-grafted reduced graphene oxide

CRGO-Mn:

Manganese ions coordinated reduced graphene oxide

CRGO-PEI-Mn:

Manganese ions coordinated polyethylenimine-grafted reduced graphene oxide

PheDH:

Phenylalanine dehydrogenase

GO:

Graphene oxide

L-Phe:

L-phenylalanine

NAD(P)H:

Triphosphopyridine nucleotide

IPTG:

Kanamycin and isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside

NAD+ :

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

U:

One unit

PEI:

Polyethyleneimine

References

  • Ando N, Barquera B, Bartlett DH, Boyd E, Burnim AA, Byer AS, Colman D, Gillilan RE, Gruebele M, Makhatadze G, Royer CA, Shock E, Wand AJ, Watkins MB (2021) The molecular basis for life in extreme environments. Annual Review of Biophysics 50:343-372

  • Asano Y, Nakazawa A (1985) Crystallization of phenylalanine dehydrogenase from Sporosarcina ureae. Agric Biol Chem 49:3631–3632

  • Badoei-Dalfard A, Karami Z, Malekabadi S (2019) Construction of CLEAs-lipase on magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposite: an efficient nanobiocatalyst for biodiesel production. Biores Technol 278:473–476

  • Bandyopadhyay AK, Islam RNU, Mitra D, Banerjee S, Yasmeen S, Goswami A (2019) Insights from the salt bridge analysis of malate dehydrogenase from H. salinarum and E.coli. Bioinformation 15:95–103

  • Boudrant J, Woodley JM, Fernandez-Lafuente R (2020) Parameters necessary to define an immobilized enzyme preparation. Process Biochem 90:66–80

  • Braham SA, Siar E-H, Arana-Pena S, Carballares D, Morellon-Sterling R, Bavandi H, De Andrades D, Kornecki JF, Fernandez-Lafuente R (2021) Effect of concentrated salts solutions on the stability of immobilized enzymes: influence of inactivation conditions and immobilization protocol. Molecules 26:978. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26040968

  • Carucci C, Bruen L, Gascon V, Paradisi F, Magner E (2018) Significant enhancement of structural stability of the hyperhalophilic ADH from Haloferax volcanii via entrapment on metal organic framework support. Langmuir 34:8274–8280

  • Dassarma S, Dassarma P (2015) Halophiles and their enzymes: negativity put to good use. Curr Opin Microbiol 25:120–126

  • Engelmann C, Ekambaram N, Johannsen J, Fellechner O, Waluga T, Fieg G, Liese A, Bubenheim P (2020) Enzyme immobilization on synthesized nanoporous silica particles and their application in a bi-enzymatic reaction. ChemCatChem 12:2245–2252

  • Gaedke J, Kleinfeldt L, Schubert C, Rohde M, Biedendieck R, Garnweitner G, Krull R (2017) In situ affinity purification of his-tagged protein A from Bacillus megaterium cultivation using recyclable superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. J Biotechnol 242:55–63

  • Garcia-Galan C, Berenguer-Murcia A, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Rodrigues RC (2011) Potential of different enzyme immobilization strategies to improve enzyme performance. Adv Synth Catal 353:2885–2904

  • Hernandez K, Garcia-Galan C, Fernandez-Lafuente R (2011) Simple and efficient immobilization of lipase B from Candida antarctica on porous styrene-divinylbenzene beads. Enzyme Microb Technol 49:72–78

  • Lin P, Zhang Y, Yao G, Huo H, Ren H, Wang Y, Wang S, Fang B (2020) Immobilization of formate dehydrogenase on polyethylenimine-grafted graphene oxide with kinetics and stability study. Eng Life Sci 20:104–111

  • Orrego AH, Lopez-Gallego F, Fernandez-Lorente G, Guisan JM, Rocha-Martin J (2020) Co-immobilization and co-localization of multi-enzyme systems on porous materials. Methods Mol Biol (clifton, NJ) 2100:297–308

  • Paiva Souza PM, Carballares D, Lopez-Carrobles N, Goncalves LRB, Lopez-Gallego F, Rodrigues S, Fernandez-Lafuente R (2021) Enzyme-support interactions and inactivation conditions determine Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase inactivation pathways: functional and florescence studies. Int J Biol Macromol 191:79–91

  • Piecinini E, Bliem C, Reiner-Rozman C, Battaglini F, Azzaroni O, Knoll W (2017) Enzyme-polyelectrolyte multilayer assemblies on reduced graphene oxide field-effect transistors for biosensing applications. Biosens Bioelectron 92:661–667

  • Rehm FBH, Chen S, Rehm BHA (2016) Enzyme engineering for in situ immobilization. Molecules 21:1370. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21101370

  • Ren H, Zhang Y, Su J, Lin P, Wang B, Fang B, Wang S (2017) Encapsulation of amine dehydrogenase in hybrid titania nanoparticles by polyethylenimine coating and templated biomineralization. J Biotechnol 241:33–41

  • Rodrigues R, Berenguer-Murcia A, Carballares D, Morellon-Sterling R, Fernandez-Lafuente R (2021) Stabilization of enzymes via immobilization: multipoint covalent attachment and other stabilization strategies. Biotechnol Adv 52:107821. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107821

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Velasco-Lozano S, Benitez-Mateos AI, Lopez-Gallego F (2017) Co-immobilized phosphorylated cofactors and enzymes as self-sufficient heterogeneous biocatalysts for chemical processes. Angew Chem Int Ed 56:771–775

  • Virgen-Ortiz JJ, Dos Santos JCS, Berenguer-Murcia A, Barbosa O, Rodrigues RC, Fernandez-Lafuente R (2017) Polyethylenimine: a very useful ionic polymer in the design of immobilized enzyme biocatalysts. J Mater Chem B 5:7461–7490

  • Wang S-Z, Zhang Y-H, Ren H, Wang Y-L, Jiang W, Fang B-S (2017) Strategies and perspectives of assembling multi-enzyme systems. Crit Rev Biotechnol 37:1024–1037

  • Wang Y, Li Z, Wang J, Li J, Lin Y (2011) Graphene and graphene oxide: biofunctionalization and applications in biotechnology. Trends Biotechnol 29:205–212

  • Wang Y, Song Q, Zhang X-H (2016) Marine microbiological enzymes: studies with multiple strategies and prospects. Mar Drugs 14:171. https://doi.org/10.3390/md14100171

  • Zhang J, Jiang L, Chen X, Lv K, Basiony M, Zhu G, Karthik L, Ouyang L, Zhang L, Liu X (2021) Recent advances in biotechnology for marine enzymes and molecules. Curr Opin Biotechnol 69:308–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2021.05.009

  • Zhang J, Yang H, Shen G, Cheng P, Zhang J, Guo S (2010a) Reduction of graphene oxide via L-ascorbic acid. Chem Commun 46:1112–1114

  • Zhang J, Zhang F, Yang H, Huang X, Liu H, Zhang J, Guo S (2010b) Graphene oxide as a matrix for enzyme immobilization. Langmuir 26:6083–6085

  • Zhang Y-H, Chen K-N, Zhang J-N, Ren H, Zhang X-Y, Huang J-H, Wang S-Z, Fang B-S (2019) Preparation and evaluation of a polymer-metal-enzyme hybrid nanowire for the immobilization of multiple oxidoreductases. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 94:795–803

  • Zhao F, Li H, Jiang Y, Wang X, Mu X (2014) Co-immobilization of multi-enzyme on control-reduced graphene oxide by non-covalent bonds: an artificial biocatalytic system for the one-pot production of gluconic acid from starch. Green Chem 16:2558–2565

Download references

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21776233, 22078273), Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China (No. 2018J01013), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 20720200038).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Contributions

Zhehui Ji: methodology, investigation, analysis, interpretation, and writing. Guangxiao Yao: methodology, investigation, and analysis. Liang Jiang: investigation, analysis. Shizhen Wang: conception, design, funding acquisition, supervision, analysis and interpretation, drafting the manuscript, reading and final approval of the version to be published.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shizhen Wang.

Ethics declarations

Ethics Approval

We declare that we follow the accepted principles of ethical and professional conduct. This work does not involve animal experiments or human participants.

Consent to Participate

Not applicable.

Consent for Publication

Not applicable.

Conflict of Interest

We declare that we have no financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that can inappropriately influence our work, there is no professional or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service and/or company that could be construed as influencing the position presented in, or the review of, the manuscript entitled, “One Pot Purification and Immobilization of Amino Acid Dehydrogenase by Functional Reduced Graphene Oxide.”

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ji, Z., Yao, G., Jiang, L. et al. One-Pot Purification and Immobilization of Phenylalanine Dehydrogenase from Bacillus nanhaiensi by Functional Reduced Graphene Oxide. Mar Biotechnol 24, 555–565 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-022-10123-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-022-10123-1

Keywords

Navigation