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Linear versus volumetric CT analysis in predicting tension-free fascial closure in abdominal wall reconstruction

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Abstract

Background

Improved outcomes of abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR) have been shown when tension-free fascial closure (TFFC) is achieved. Our objective was to determine the clinical and radiologic predictors of TFFC in patients undergoing AWR.

Study design

We conducted a single institution retrospective cohort study of adults who underwent AWR between 2007 and 2018. Demographics, hernia characteristics and operative data were collected. Linear and volumetric variables were obtained from preoperative abdominal CT scans, the latter following 3D reconstruction. Logistic regression was used to evaluate predictors of TFFC. Area under the curve (AUC) ≥ 0.70 was considered to have acceptable discrimination.

Results

A total of 108 patients were eligible for analysis. The mean age was 57 ± 11 years and 53 (49%) were female. 42 (39%) hernias were recurrent, 10 (9%) patients had a stoma and 9 (8%) had a history of open abdomen. The mean defect width was 11 ± 4 cm and mean defect surface area was 150 ± 95 cm2. The most common AWR technique was endoscopic component separation 75 (69%). TFFC was achieved in 90 (83%) patients. No demographics or 3D volumetric measures were predictive of TFFC (all AUC < 0.7). European hernia society (EHS) class M1 was predictive of failure of TFFC [AUC = 0.70; odds ratio 7.0 (referent M3); 95% confidence interval, 2.1–23.8]. Linear variables of rectus muscle separation were the most predictive of TFFC (AUC 0.73–0.77).

Conclusion

In contrast to clinical characteristics, radiologic characteristics of large incisional hernias requiring AWR are predictive of TFFC. In particular, EHS class M1 and linear variables of rectus muscle separation appear to be better predictors of TFFC than volumetric measurements.

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Funding

Study data were collected and managed using REDCap electronic data capture tools hosted at Tufts Clinical and Transitional Science Institute (Grant number UL1 TR001064).

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Correspondence to M. R. Al-Mansour.

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Conflict of interest

In the 36 months preceding submission Mazen R. Al-Mansour and Jacqueline Wu have received education payments from Intuitive Surgical, Inc. and general payments from Intuitive Surgical, Inc. and CONMED Corporation. John Romanelli has received consultation fee from Covidien LP, education payments from Intuitive Surgical, Inc. and general payments from Boston Scientific Corporation, Intuitive Surgical, Inc., Covidien LP, Ethicon US, LLC and Olympus America Inc. Neal E. Seymour has received general payments from Intuitive Surgical, Inc. Greg Gagnon and Alexander Knee do not have conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in this study involving human subjects were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional review board (IRB) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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There was no animals involved in this study.

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Al-Mansour, M.R., Wu, J., Gagnon, G. et al. Linear versus volumetric CT analysis in predicting tension-free fascial closure in abdominal wall reconstruction. Hernia 25, 91–98 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10029-020-02349-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10029-020-02349-6

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