Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Development of bilayer glass-ceramic SOFC sealants via optimizing the chemical composition of glasses—a review

  • Review
  • Published:
Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Glasses and glass-ceramics (GCs), in particular alkaline-earth alumino silicate-based compositions, are becoming the most common sealing materials for gas-tight sealing applications in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The present review aims at reporting the systematic procedures put forward developing a novel concept of diopside-based bilayer GC seal, which contains a rigid GC and a self-healing (SH) GC. The concept behind the bilayer GCs is (i) a small gradient in the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) will lead to lower thermal expansion mismatch between the sealing layers and other SOFC components, thus providing enhanced mechanical reliability for the stack; and (ii) cracks produced due to minor thermal stresses in the rigid GC layer can be healed by the SH GC layer due to sufficient amorphous content. In general, at high temperature, highly crystallized glass behaves as a rigid glass. On the other hand, due to low viscosity behavior, partially crystallized glass provides a SH behavior. Various glasses in the field of diopside crystalline materials have been systematically designed by varying the chemical composition of glass to achieve desired combination of functional properties for the rigid and SH GC layers. The glass Sr-0.3 where Sr replaced 30 % of Ca was revealed as a highly reliable rigid GC seal for high-temperature electrochemical applications. On the other hand, SH features have been achieved in 30 % Sr-containing diopside-based glass with Gd2O3 for MgO + SiO2 substitution (denoted as Gd-0.3). These GCs exhibit similar thermal properties and excellent thermal stability along a period of 1000 h, while differing in their amorphous fractions, and revealed excellent thermal stability along a period of 1000 h. The bilayered GC synthesized from Sr-0.3 and Gd-0.3 showed good wetting and bonding ability to the SOFC metallic Crofer22APU components. The results revealed superior performance for the newly proposed bilayer GCs in comparison to single-layer sealants.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Wachsman ED, Lee KT (2011) Lowering the temperature of solid oxide fuel cells. Science 334:935–939

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Wachsman ED, Marlowe CA, Lee KT (2012) Role of solid oxide fuel cells in a balanced energy strategy. Energy Environ Sci 5:5498–5509

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Minh NK, Takahashi T (1995) Science and technology of ceramic fuel cells. Elsevier, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  4. Larminie J, Dicks A (2003) Fuel cell systems explained, 2nd edn. Wiley, West Sussex

    Book  Google Scholar 

  5. Milhans J, Ahzi S, Garmestani H, Khaleel MA, Sun X, Koeppel BJ (2009) Modeling of the effective elastic and thermal properties of glass-ceramic solid oxide fuel cell seal materials. Mater Des 30:1667–1673

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Haile S, Dane A, Boysen D, Chisholm C, Merle R (2001) Solid acids as fuel cell electrolytes. Nature 410:910–914

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Zhong C-J, Luo J, Njoki PN, Mott D, Wanjala B, Loukrakpam R, Lim S, Wang L, Fang B, Xu Z (2008) Fuel cell technology: nano-engineered multimetallic catalysts. Energy Environ Sci 1:454–466

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. de Bruijn F (2005) The current status of fuel cell technology for mobile and stationary applications. Green Chem 7:132–150

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Kendrick E, Slater P (2012) Battery and solid oxide fuel cell materials. Annu Rep Sect A Inorg Chem 108:424–448

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Ormerod RM (2003) Solid oxide fuel cells. Chem Soc Rev 32:17–28

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Zhao Y, Xia C, Jia L, Wang Z, Li H, Yu J, Li Y (2013) Recent progress on solid oxide fuel cell: lowering temperature and utilizing non-hydrogen fuels. Int J Hydrog Energy 38:16498–16517

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Fergus JW (2005) Sealants for solid oxide fuel cells. J Power Sources 147:46–57

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Tulyaganov DU, Reddy AA, Kharton VV, Ferreira JMF (2013) Aluminosilicate-based sealants for SOFCs and other electrochemical applications—a brief review. J Power Sources 242:486–502

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Batfalsky P, Haanappel VAC, Malzbender J, Menzler NH, Shemet V, Vinke IC, Steinbrech RW (2006) Chemical interaction between glass–ceramic sealants and interconnect steels in SOFC stacks. J Power Sources 155:128–137

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Liu WN, Sun X, Khaleel MA (2011) Study of geometric stability and structural integrity of self-healing glass seal system used in solid oxide fuel cells. J Power Sources 196:1750–1761

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Govindaraju N, Liu WN, Sun X, Singh P, Singh RN (2009) A modeling study on the thermomechanical behavior of glass-ceramic and self-healing glass seals at elevated temperatures. J Power Sources 190:476–484

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Singh RN (2007) Sealing technology for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). Int J Appl Ceram Technol 4:134–144

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Story C, Lu K, Reynoldsjr W, Brown D (2008) Shape memory alloy/glass composite seal for solid oxide electrolyzer and fuel cells. Int J Hydrog Energy 33:3970–3975

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. SØrensen BF, Sarraute S, JØrgensen O, Horsewell A (1998) Thermally induced delamination of multilayers. Acta Mater 46:2603–2615

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Coillot D, Méar FO, Podor R, Montagne L (2010) Autonomic self-repairing glassy materials. Adv Funct Mater 20:4371–4374

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Reddy AA, Tulyaganov DU, Kapoor S, Goel A, Pascual MJ, Kharton VV, Ferreira JMF (2012) Study of melilite based glasses and glass-ceramics nucleated by Bi2O3 for functional applications. RSC Adv 2:10955–10967

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Reddy AA, Tulyaganov DU, Goel A, Kapoor S, Pascual MJ, Ferreira JMF (2013) Sintering and devitrification of glass-powder compacts in the akermanite–gehlenite system. J Mater Sci 48:4128–4136

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Reddy AA, Tulyaganov DU, Goel A, Sardo M, Wiper PV, Pascual MJ, Kharton VV, Kolotygin VA, Tsipis EV, Mafra L, Ferreira JMF (2013) Melilite glass–ceramic sealants for solid oxide fuel cells: effects of ZrO2 additions assessed by microscopy, diffraction and solid-state NMR. J Mater Chem A 1:6471

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Smeacetto F, Chrysanthou A, Salvo M, Zhang Z, Ferraris M (2009) Performance and testing of glass-ceramic sealant used to join anode-supported-electrolyte to Crofer22APU in planar solid oxide fuel cells. J Power Sources 190:402–407

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Lin C-K, Lin K-L, Yeh J-H, Wu S-H, Lee R-Y (2014) Creep rupture of the joint of a solid oxide fuel cell glass–ceramic sealant with metallic interconnect. J Power Sources 245:787–795

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Ito Y (2013) Chapter 10.2—heat-resistant coating technology for gas turbines. In: Somiya S (ed) Handbook of advanced ceramics, 2nd edn. Academic, Oxford, pp 789–806

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  27. Itoh Y, Kameda T, Okamura T, Nagata K (1999) Sintering behavior of zirconia thermal barrier coating under gradient temperature. J Soc Mater Sci Jpn 48:740–745

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Mahapatra MK, Lu K (2010) Seal glass for solid oxide fuel cells. J Power Sources 195:7129–7139

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Mahapatra MK, Lu K (2010) Glass-based seals for solid oxide fuel and electrolyzer cells—a review. Mater Sci Eng R 67:65–85

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Nascimento ML, Ferreira EB, Zanotto ED (2004) Kinetics and mechanisms of crystal growth and diffusion in a glass-forming liquid. J Chem Phys 121:8924–8928

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Hayashi S, Okada K, Ōtsuka N (1990) Sintering behaviour of diopside, CaMgSi2O6, from various powder preparation methods. J Mater Sci Lett 9:382–385

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Finger LW, Ohashi Y (1976) The thermal expansion of diopside to 800°C and a refinement of the crystal structure at 700°C. Am Mineral 61:303–310

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Alekseev YI, Galanov YI (1990) Electrical conductivity of diopside ceramics. Glass Ceram 47:24–26

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Cameron M, Papike JJ (1981) Structural and chemical variations in pyroxenes. Am Mineral 66:1–50

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Benna P (1982) Ca–Sr substitution in clinopyroxenes along the join CaMgSi2O6–SrMgSi2O6. TMPM Tschermaks Petrogr Mitt 30:37–46

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Newton RC, Charlu TV, Anderson PAM, Kleppa OJ (1979) Thermochemistry of synthetic clinopyroxenes on the join CaMgSi2O6-Mg2Si2O6. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 43:55–60

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Benna P, Chiari G, Bruno E (1987) Structural modifications in clinopyroxene solid solutions: the Ca-Mg and Ca-Sr substitutions in the diopside structure. Mineral Petrol 36:71–84

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Raudsepp M, Hawthorne FC, Turnock AC (1990) Crystal chemistry of synthetic pyroxenes on the join CaNiSi2O6-CaMgSi2O6 (diopside): a Rietveld structure refinement study. Am Mineral 75:1274–1281

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Gottschalk M, Najorka J, Andrut M (1998) Structural and compositional characterization of synthetic (Ca, Sr)-tremolite and (Ca, Sr)-diopside solid solutions. Phys Chem Miner 25:415–428

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Najorka J, Gottschalk M, Franz G, Heinrich W (1999) Ca-Sr distribution among amphibole, clinopyroxene, and chloride-bearing solutions. Am Mineral 84:596–606

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Bruno E, Carbonin S, Molin G (1982) Crystal structures of Ca-rich clinopyroxenes on the CaMgSi2O6-Mg2Si2O6 join. TMPM Tschermaks Petrogr Mitt 29:223–240

  42. Ohashi Y, Burnham CW, Finger LW (1975) The effect of Ca-Fe substitution on the clinopyroxene crystal structure. Am Mineral 60:423–434

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Huang E, Chen CH, Huang T, Lin EH, Xu J-A (2000) Raman spectroscopic characteristics of Mg-Fe-Ca pyroxenes. Am Mineral 85:473–479

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Tribaudino M, Nestola F (2002) Average and local structure in P21/c clinopyroxenes along the join diopside-enstatite (CaMgSi2O6-Mg2Si2O6). Eur J Miner 14:549–555

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Wu C, Ramaswamy Y, Zreiqat H (2010) Porous diopside (CaMgSi2O6) scaffold: a promising bioactive material for bone tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 6:2237–2245

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Goel A, Reddy AA, Pascual MJ, Gremillard L, Malchere A, Ferreira JMF (2012) Sintering behavior of lanthanide-containing glass-ceramic sealants for solid oxide fuel cells. J Mater Chem 22:10042

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Reddy AA, Tulyaganov DU, Goel A, Pascual MJ, Kharton VV, Tsipis EV, Ferreira JMF (2012) Diopside–Mg orthosilicate and diopside–Ba disilicate glass–ceramics for sealing applications in SOFC: sintering and chemical interactions studies. Int J Hydrog Energy 37:12528–12539

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Abo-Mosallam HA, Hill RG, Karpukhina N, Law RV (2010) MAS-NMR studies of glasses and glass-ceramics based on a clinopyroxene–fluorapatite system. J Mater Chem 20:790

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Fernandes HR, Tulyaganov DU, Ribeiro MJ, Ferreira JMF (2013) Apatite crystallization from glasses in the Ca5(PO4)3F–CaAl2Si2O8–CaMgSi2O6–NaAlSi3O8 system. J Non-Cryst Solids 363:32–38

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Goel A, Rajagopal RR, Ferreira JMF (2011) Influence of strontium on structure, sintering and biodegradation behaviour of CaO–MgO–SrO–SiO2–P2O5–CaF2 glasses. Acta Biomater 7:4071–4080

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Zhang J, Zhou Y, Yue Z (2013) Low-temperature sintering and microwave dielectric properties of LiF-doped CaMg1−xZnxSi2O6 ceramics. Ceram Inter 39:2051–2058

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Lecointre A, Bessière A, Priolkar KR, Gourier D, Wallez G, Viana B (2013) Role of manganese in red long-lasting phosphorescence of manganese-doped diopside for in vivo imaging. Mater Res Bull 48:1898–1905

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Ghorbanian L, Emadi R, Razavi SM, Shin H, Teimouri A (2013) Fabrication and characterization of novel diopside/silk fibroin nanocomposite scaffolds for potential application in maxillofacial bone regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 58:275–280

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Maldiney T, Lecointre A, Viana B, Bessière A, Bessodes M, Gourier D, Richard C, Scherman D (2011) Controlling electron trap depth to enhance optical properties of persistent luminescence nanoparticles for in vivo imaging. J Am Chem Soc 133:11810–11815

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Goel A, Tulyaganov DU, Ferrari AM, Shaaban ER, Prange A, Bondioli F, Ferreira JMF (2010) Structure, sintering, and crystallization kinetics of alkaline-earth aluminosilicate glass-ceramic sealants for solid oxide fuel cells. J Am Ceram Soc 93:830–837

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Goel A, Tulyaganov DU, Kharton VV, Yaremchenko AA, Ferreira JMF (2010) Electrical behavior of aluminosilicate glass-ceramic sealants and their interaction with metallic solid oxide fuel cell interconnects. J Power Sources 195:522–526

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Kerstan M, Rüssel C (2011) Barium silicates as high thermal expansion seals for solid oxide fuel cells studied by high-temperature X-ray diffraction (HT-XRD). J Power Sources 196:7578–7584

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Ojha PK, Chongdar TK, Gokhale NM, Kulkarni AR (2013) Accelerated devitrification of a strontiumlanthanumaluminoborosilicate based intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell glass sealant and its effect on thermophysical behaviour of the glass ceramics. J Power Sources 221:28–34

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Lin C-K, Lin K-L, Yeh J-H, Shiu W-H, Liu C-K, Lee R-Y (2013) Aging effects on high-temperature creep properties of a solid oxide fuel cell glass-ceramic sealant. J Power Sources 241:12–19

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Pauling L (1929) The principles determining the structure of complex ionic crystals. J Am Chem Soc 51:1010–1026

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Phillips AH (1932) Isomorphous substitution of elements in minerals. Am Mineral 17:85–93

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Park B, Li H, Corrales LR (2002) Molecular dynamics simulation of La2O3–Na2O–SiO2 glasses. I. The structural role of La3+ cations. J Non-Cryst Solids 297:220–238

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Corrales LR, Park B (2002) Molecular dynamics simulation of La2O3–Na2O–SiO2 glasses. III. The driving forces of clustering. J Non-Cryst Solids 311:118–129

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Park B, Corrales LR (2002) Molecular dynamics simulation of La2O3–Na2O–SiO2 glasses. II. The clustering of La3+ cations. J Non-Cryst Solids 311:107–117

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Schaller T, Stebbins JF, Wilding MC (1999) Cation clustering and formation of free oxide ions in sodium and potassium lanthanum silicate glasses: nuclear magnetic resonance and Raman spectroscopic findings. J Non-Cryst Solids 243:146–157

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Zielinski RA, Frey FA (1974) An experimental study of the partitioning of a rare earth element (Gd) in the system diopside—aqueous vapour. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 38:545–565

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Catlow CRA, Thomas JM, Parker SC, Jefferson DA (1982) Simulating silicate structures and the structural chemistry of pyroxenoids. Nature 295:658–662

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Li L, Strachan DM, Li H, Davis LL, Qian M (2000) Crystallization of gadolinium- and lanthanum-containing phases from sodium alumino-borosilicate glasses. J Non-Cryst Solids 272:46–56

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Quintas A, Caurant D, Majérus O, Charpentier T, Dussossoy JL (2009) Effect of compositional variations on charge compensation of AlO4 and BO4 entities and on crystallization tendency of a rare-earth-rich aluminoborosilicate glass. Mater Res Bull 44:1895–1898

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Felsche J (1972) Rare earth silicates with the apatite structure. J Solid State Chem 5:266–275

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Quintas A, Caurant D, Majérus O, Dussossoy J-L (2008) Effect of changing the rare earth cation type on the structure and crystallisation behaviour of an aluminoborosilicate glass. Phy Chem Glasses Eur J Glass Sci Tech B 49:192–197

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Goel A, Tulyaganov DU, Kharton VV, Yaremchenko AA, Eriksson S, Ferreira JMF (2009) Optimization of La2O3-containing diopside based glass-ceramic sealants for fuel cell applications. J Power Sources 189:1032–1043

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Otto K, Wisniewski W, Rüssel C (2013) Growth mechanisms of surface crystallized diopside. CrystEngComm 15:6381

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Tang XP, Geyer U, Busch R, Johnson WL, Wu Y (1999) Diffusion mechanisms in metallic supercooled liquids and glasses. Nature 402:160–162

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Ray NH (1974) Composition–property relationships in inorganic oxide glasses. J Non-Cryst Solids 15:423–434

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Murdoch JB, Stebbins JF, Carmichael ISE (1985) High-resolution 29Si NMR study of silicate and aluminosilicate glasses: the effect of network-modifying cations. Am Mineral 70:332–343

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Rawson H (1967) Inorganic glass-forming systems. Academic, London

    Google Scholar 

  78. Branda F, Costantini A, Luciani G, Laudisio G (2001) The role of trivalent element oxides in Cao (Na2O)–M2O3–SiO2 glasses from Tg. J Therm Anal Calorim 64:1017–1024

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Buesser B, Gröhn AJ, Pratsinis SE (2011) Sintering rate and mechanism of TiO2 nanoparticles by molecular dynamics. J Phys Chem C 115:11030–11035

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Xu J, Sakanoi R, Higuchi Y, Ozawa N, Sato K, Hashida T, Kubo M (2013) Molecular dynamics simulation of Ni nanoparticles sintering process in Ni/YSZ multi-nanoparticle system. J Phys Chem C 117:9663–9672

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Pascual MJ, Durán A, Pascual L (2002) Sintering process of glasses in the system Na2O–B2O3–SiO2. J Non-Cryst Solids 306:58–69

  82. Boccaccini AR (1993) Anisotropic densification during sintering of glass powder compacts. J Mater Sci Lett 12:943–945

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Lara C, Pascual M, Prado M, Duran A (2004) Sintering of glasses in the system RO–Al2O3–BaO–SiO2 (R = Ca, Mg, Zn) studied by hot-stage microscopy. Solid State Ionics 170:201–208

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Lara C, Pascual MJ, Durán A (2004) Glass-forming ability, sinterability and thermal properties in the systems RO–BaO–SiO2 (R = Mg, Zn). J Non-Cryst Solids 348:149–155

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Garza-Garcia M, López-cuevas J, Gutiérrez-chavarría CA, Rendón-Angeles JC, Valle-Fuentes JF (2007) Study of a mixed alkaline–earth effect on some properties of glasses of the CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 system. Bull Span Soc Ceram Glass 46:153–162

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Isard JO (1969) The mixed alkali effect in glass. J Non-Cryst Solids 1:235–261

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Branda F, Buri A, Caferra D, Marotta A (1983) The effect of mixing of network-modifiers on the transformation temperature of silicate glasses. J Non-Cryst Solids 54:193–198

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Reddy AA, Tulyaganov DU, Pascual MJ, Kharton VV, Tsipis EV, Kolotygin VA, Ferreira JMF (2013) Diopside–Ba disilicate glass–ceramic sealants for SOFCs: enhanced adhesion and thermal stability by Sr for Ca substitution. Int J Hydrog Energy 38:3073–3086

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Nakamura E, Kushiro I (1998) Trace element diffusion in jadeite and diopside melts at high pressures and its geochemical implication. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 62:3151–3160

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Stephens EV, Vetrano JS, Koeppel BJ, Chou Y, Sun X, Khaleel MA (2009) Experimental characterization of glass–ceramic seal properties and their constitutive implementation in solid oxide fuel cell stack models. J Power Sources 193:625–631

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Chang H-T, Lin C-K, Liu C-K, Wu S-H (2011) High-temperature mechanical properties of a solid oxide fuel cell glass sealant in sintered forms. J Power Sources 196:3583–3591

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Milhans J, Li D, Khaleel M, Sun X, Garmestani H (2010) Statistical continuum mechanics analysis of effective elastic properties in solid oxide fuel cell glass–ceramic seal material. J Power Sources 195:5726–5730

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Bansal NP, Gamble EA (2005) Crystallization kinetics of a solid oxide fuel cell seal glass by differential thermal analysis. J Power Sources 147:107–115

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Lennard-Jones JE, Dent BM (1928) Cohesion at a crystal surface. Trans Faraday Soc 24:92–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  95. Magi M, Lippmaa E, Samoson A, Engelhardt G, Grimmer AR (1984) Solid-state high-resolution silicon-29 chemical shifts in silicates. J Phys Chem 88:1518–1522

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Stebbins JF, Murdoch JB, Schneider E, Carmichael ISE, Pines A (1985) A high-temperature high-resolution NMR study of 23Na, 27Al and 29Si in molten silicates. Nature 314:250–252

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Muller E (1992) Influence of cation coordination on nucleation in silicate glasses. Z Krist 200:287–294

    Google Scholar 

  98. De Jong BHWS, Schramm CM, Parziale VE (1984) Silicon-29 magic angle spinning NMR study on local silicon environments in amorphous and crystalline lithium silicates. J Am Chem Soc 106:4396–4402

    Article  Google Scholar 

  99. Nascimento M, Zanotto E (2006) Mechanisms and dynamics of crystal growth, viscous flow, and self-diffusion in silica glass. Phys Rev B 73:024209

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Cormier L, Calas G, Cuello GJ (2010) Structural study of Ca–Mg and K–Mg mixing in silicate glasses by neutron diffraction. J Non-Cryst Solids 356:2327–2331

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Lee S, Mysen B, Cody G (2003) Chemical order in mixed-cation silicate glasses and melts. Phys Rev B 68:214206

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Reddy AA, Tulyaganov DU, Pascual MJ, Kharton VV, Tsipis EV, Kolotygin VA, Ferreira JMF (2013) SrO-containing diopside glass-ceramic sealants for solid oxide fuel cells: mechanical reliability and thermal shock resistance. Fuel Cells 13:689–694

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Sohn S-B, Choi S-Y, Kim G-H, Song H-S, Kim G-D (2004) Suitable glass-ceramic sealant for planar solid-oxide fuel cells. J Am Ceram Soc 87:254–260

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Reddy AA, Goel A, Tulyaganov DU, Sardo M, Mafra L, Pascual MJ, Kharton VV, Tsipis EV, Kolotygin VA, Ferreira JMF (2014) Thermal and mechanical stability of lanthanide-containing glass–ceramic sealants for solid oxide fuel cells. J Mater Chem A 2:1834

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Shimizu F, Tokunaga H, Saito N, Nakashima K (2006) Viscosity and surface tension measurements of RE2O3–MgO–SiO2 (RE = Y, Gd, Nd and La) melts. ISIJ Int 46:388–393

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Chang H-T, Lin C-K, Liu C-K (2010) Effects of crystallization on the high-temperature mechanical properties of a glass sealant for solid oxide fuel cell. J Power Sources 195:3159–3165

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Weibull W (1951) A statistical distribution function of wide applicability. J Appl Mech 18:293–297

    Google Scholar 

  108. Kingery DRUWD, Bowen HKNY (1976) Introduction to ceramics, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  109. Goel A, Tulyaganov DU, Kharton VV, Yaremchenko AA, Ferreira JMF (2008) The effect of Cr2O3 addition on crystallization and properties of La2O3-containing diopside glass-ceramics. Acta Mater 56:3065–3076

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Lara C, Pascual MJ, Keding R, Durán A (2006) Electrical behaviour of glass–ceramics in the systems RO–BaO–SiO2 (R = Mg, Zn) for sealing SOFCs. J Power Sources 157:377–384

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Kharton V, Marques F, Atkinson A (2004) Transport properties of solid oxide electrolyte ceramics: a brief review. Solid State Ionics 174:135–149

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Jr M (2004) Mechanical and thermal stresses in multilayered materials. J Appl Phys 95:1780

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This study was partially supported by the CICECO, University of Aveiro, by the JECS-trust frontiers of research (201242-2), and FCT, Portugal (PTDC/CTM–CER/114209/2009). A.A. Reddy thanks FCT for the doctoral grant (SFRH/BD/89915/2012). V.V. Kharton acknowledges also the financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (agreement 14.B25.31.0018) and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant 13-03-12409). Important experimental contributions, partly reviewed in this work, and helpful discussions made by A. Goel and M.J. Pascual are gratefully acknowledged.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials and Ceramics Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal

    Allu Amarnath Reddy, Dilshat U. Tulyaganov, Vladislav V. Kharton & José M. F. Ferreira

  2. Turin Polytechnic University in Tashkent, 17, Niyazova Str., 100095, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

    Dilshat U. Tulyaganov

  3. Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, 142432, Chernogolovka, Moscow District, Russia

    Vladislav V. Kharton

Authors
  1. Allu Amarnath Reddy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Dilshat U. Tulyaganov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Vladislav V. Kharton
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. José M. F. Ferreira
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Allu Amarnath Reddy or José M. F. Ferreira.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Reddy, A.A., Tulyaganov, D.U., Kharton, V.V. et al. Development of bilayer glass-ceramic SOFC sealants via optimizing the chemical composition of glasses—a review. J Solid State Electrochem 19, 2899–2916 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-015-2925-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-015-2925-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation