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Facile synthesis of Li3V2(Po4)3/C nano-flakes with high-rate performance as cathode material for Li-ion battery

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Abstract

The flake-like Li3V2(PO4)3/C has been successfully synthesized by rheological phase method using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as template; the Li3V2(PO4)3/C without PVA assistance has been prepared for comparison. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the two samples are well crystallized, and no impurity phases are detected. The scanning electron microscopy results reveal that there is a significant difference in morphologies between PVA-assisted sample and sample without PVA; the former shows a flake-like morphology, while the latter presents regular granular shape with some agglomeration. Transmission electron microscopy images reveal that Li3V2(PO4)3 particles are coated with a uniform surface carbon layer. The lattice fringes with a spacing of 0.428 nm can be clearly seen from the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy image. The PVA-assisted sample shows a discharge capacity of 120, 110, and 96 mAh g−1 at 1 C, 20 C, and 50 C, respectively; however, the sample without PVA exhibits a lower discharge capacity. Based on the analysis of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the lithium ion diffusion coefficients of Li3V2(PO4)3/C and PVA-assisted Li3V2(PO4)3/C are 4.19 × 10−9 and 4.99 × 10−8 cm2 s−1, respectively. In summary, it is demonstrated that using PVA as a template can obtain flake-like morphology and significantly improve the comprehensive electrochemical performances of Li3V2(PO4)3/C cathode material.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Sichuan University Funds for Young Scientists (no. 2011SCU11081) and the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education, the Ministry of Education (no. 20120181120103).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People’s Republic of China

    Yanying Wang, Yan Tang, Benhe Zhong, Yanjun Zhong & Xiaodong Guo

  2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, People’s Republic of China

    Heng Liu

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  1. Yanying Wang
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  2. Yan Tang
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  3. Benhe Zhong
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  4. Heng Liu
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Correspondence to Xiaodong Guo.

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Wang, Y., Tang, Y., Zhong, B. et al. Facile synthesis of Li3V2(Po4)3/C nano-flakes with high-rate performance as cathode material for Li-ion battery. J Solid State Electrochem 18, 215–221 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-013-2249-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-013-2249-2

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